Heat shock protein 90-alpha (Hsp90α)
HSP90AA1 (Heat Shock Protein 90 Alpha Family Class A Member 1) is a human gene encoding the cytosolic, stress-inducible isoform of the 90 kDa heat shock protein (HSP90α), a highly conserved ATP-dependent molecular chaperone.
HSP90AA1 (Heat Shock Protein 90 Alpha Family Class A Member 1) is a human gene encoding the cytosolic, stress-inducible isoform of the 90 kDa heat shock protein (HSP90α), a highly conserved ATP-dependent molecular chaperone. As a member of the HSP90 family, HSP90AA1 plays a central role in the folding, stabilization, maturation, and degradation of a broad repertoire of client proteins — including kinases, transcription factors, and steroid hormone receptors — thereby functioning as a master regulator of cellular proteostasis. Its expression is markedly upregulated under conditions of cellular stress, including elevated temperature, hypoxia, and oxidative stress, which has positioned it as a sentinel of the cellular stress response. HSP90AA1 is also a critical scaffold within signal transduction networks, mediating the activity of oncoproteins and pro-survival pathways such as Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Protein kinase B (PKB)/mTOR and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/HIF-1α, among others.
The broad involvement of HSP90AA1 in oncogenic signaling, inflammation, and metabolic disease has made it a high-priority therapeutic target across numerous disease contexts. Its overexpression in malignant tissues relative to normal counterparts enables tumor-selective targeting strategies. Beyond oncology, accumulating evidence implicates HSP90AA1 in cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, fibrosis, and diabetic complications — underscoring the gene's pleiotropic biological significance and therapeutic versatility.
Where the papers sit
21 papers from the last 6 months study Heat shock protein 90-alpha (Hsp90α) directly · updated from PubMed 12 Oct 2026
Study type 0 clinical trials · 2 human data · 14 preclinical · 5 unclassified
Themes 4 themes · 3 new directions
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HSP90AA1 Therapeutic Targeting
Network pharmacology is moving HSP90AA1 from a chaperone marker toward a druggable node in neurodegeneration and cancer. In Alzheimer’s disease, integrated analyses connect it with oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species and PGC-1α-linked mitochondrial function, while sevoflurane studies focus on hippocampal mitophagy. FDA-approved inhibitors and natural-product formulas are being prioritized through docking, ADMET and molecular-dynamics analyses. Disease-specific validation and effects on endothelial or cognitive outcomes remain open.
6 papers · 28.6%
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HSP90AA1 Disease Signatures
Integrated omics and machine learning are positioning HSP90AA1 within disease-risk and treatment-response networks rather than treating it as an isolated target. In hepatocellular carcinoma, HSP90AA1 appears in HIF-1α-related prognostic signatures alongside EGFR and beta-catenin-linked transcriptional programs. Quercetin, nutraceutical formulas and environmental chemicals are being used to probe these multi-target networks, with inflammatory signaling extending the framework to rheumatoid arthritis. Experimental validation and improved patient stratification remain the main unresolved steps.
6 papers · 28.6%
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HSP90 Inhibition Across Diseases
HSP90 inhibition is being tested across acute myeloid leukemia, triple-negative breast cancer and viral infection rather than confined to one disease. TP53-mutant AML with ribosomal gene loss shows a defined vulnerability through impaired protein translation, while marine and bakuchiol-derived inhibitors seek selective cytotoxicity and synergy. Tanespimycin also suppresses SARS-CoV-2 main protease activity, extending chaperone targeting beyond tumors. Pharmacologic blockade recurs across the cluster, but clinical translation and disease-specific selectivity remain unresolved.
5 papers · 23.8%
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HSP90 Drug Development
Drug development is broadening HSP90 targeting from cytotoxic inhibitors to orally active agents and molecular imaging. Evodiamine-derived conjugates are being optimized for colon-cancer treatment, while 740 Y-P and HSP90AB1 studies examine growth signaling in oral cancer. A labeled inhibitor is being developed as a PET/SPECT tracer, adding target visualization to therapy. Outside cancer, HSP90-mediated NLRP3 stability links the target to ox-LDL-driven steatohepatitis, but therapeutic value remains preclinical.
4 papers · 19%
In SARS-CoV-2 infection, tanespimycin acts as a direct inhibitor of the viral main protease rather than only through HSP90 inhibition
The SARS-CoV-2 antiviral study 42599674Aug departs from the assumption that tanespimycin’s relevant activity is mediated through inhibition of host HSP90 and consequent disruption of viral-protein stability. Instead, it found that tanespimycin covalently binds the active-site cysteine of SARS-CoV-2 main protease, disrupts the protease’s structure, protects cells from protease-induced toxicity, and retains activity against the nirmatrelvir-resistance M165I variant. This gives an HSP90 inhibitor a distinct direct-protease mechanism and suggests a route to antiviral activity that is separable from its canonical chaperone-targeting action.
In colorectal and gastric cancer models, HSP90 becomes an in vivo molecular-imaging target rather than only a therapeutic target
The colorectal and gastric cancer models evaluated with a labeled HSP90 inhibitor establish a role outside the set’s dominant therapeutic and prognostic uses: the probe selectively accumulates in tumors, reduces liver and kidney retention, and enables high-contrast PET/SPECT delineation in preclinical and clinical imaging. The change is practical as well as conceptual, because HSP90 expression can be visualized to support tumor characterization and treatment guidance rather than being inferred only from molecular assays or targeted therapeutics 42076973May.
In colon cancer, extracellular HSP90 mediates drug-conjugate uptake rather than serving only as an intracellular chaperone target
The colon-cancer models treated with evodiamine–HSP90 inhibitor conjugate 5a assign extracellular HSP90 a distinct transport role: binding to eHSP90 is proposed to mediate endocytosis, thereby improving delivery of the conjugated natural-product derivative while preserving potent antitumor activity after intraperitoneal or oral administration. This shifts HSP90 from being chiefly the intracellular chaperone inhibited by the drug to also functioning as a cell-surface entry mechanism that can be exploited to improve tumor targeting and reduce toxicity 42207984May.
Papers
The 21 papers from the last 6 months that study Heat shock protein 90-alpha (Hsp90α) directly, newest first, by theme and by study type. Study types come from PubMed publication types and MeSH headings.
By theme
HSP90AA1 Therapeutic Targeting (6)
- Integrative drug repositioning identifies FDA-approved inhibitors of HSP90AA1 with therapeutic potential in colorectal cancer. Bioorganic chemistry · 21 Aug 2026 PMID 42628382
- Captopril alleviates vascular endothelial dysfunction by regulating TRPV1 and activating the eNOS pathway. European journal of pharmacology · 31 Jul 2026 PMID 42537735
- Integrated identification and validation of HSP90AA1 as a therapeutic target of Astragalus membranaceus in Alzheimer's disease. Neuroscience · 23 Jul 2026 PMID 42492887
- Exploring Sevoflurane promotes hippocampal neuron mitophagy in elderly postoperative cognitive dysfunction by HSP90AA1 based on network pharmacology. Experimental brain research · 29 Jun 2026 PMID 42370964
- Studies of design, synthesis and biological properties, ADMET profiling, molecular docking, network pharmacology and molecular dynamics simulation of novel chalcone derivatives containing benzoyl-piperazin. Bioorganic chemistry · 21 May 2026 PMID 42166963
- Integrated UPLC-QTOF-MS and Network Pharmacology for Predicting Active Constituents and Pharmacological Mechanisms of Yinxingye Tablets Against Oxidative Stress. Biomedical chromatography : BMC · 9 May 2026 PMID 42104588
HSP90AA1 Disease Signatures (6)
- Integrated Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Profiling Reveals Dysregulated Inflammatory Signaling Networks in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Omics : a journal of integrative biology · 9 Oct 2026 PMID 42852684
- Integrated multi-omics, machine learning, network toxicology, and molecular docking reveal potential mechanisms underlying methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate-associated breast cancer. Molecular diversity · 28 Aug 2026 PMID 42665765
- Development and validation of HSP90AA1 as a risk gene in a HIF-1α pathway-related prognostic signature for hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 6 Jul 2026 PMID 42407433
- A network pharmacology-based approach and molecular docking study to explore the therapeutic potential of a nutraceutical formula (Vernolac) in the treatment of cancer. PloS one · 1 Jul 2026 PMID 42384725
- Multi-omics investigation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in lung adenocarcinoma: comprehensive network toxicology, machine learning and molecular docking experiments. Molecular diversity · 23 Jun 2026 PMID 42334505
- Integrative bioinformatics and experimental validation reveal quercetin as a potential multi-target therapeutic agent in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cytotechnology · 18 May 2026 PMID 42145839
HSP90 Inhibition Across Diseases (5)
- Heat Shock Protein Inhibitor Tanespimycin (17AAG) Suppresses SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Activity and Is More Potent Than Clinically Approved Antiviral Nirmatrelvir. Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 14 Aug 2026 PMID 42599674
- Discovery of a Novel HSP90-Targeting Inhibitor for AML from the Marine Aaptamine Scaffold. Journal of medicinal chemistry · 13 Aug 2026 PMID 42593906
- Discovery of hub genes linking oxidative stress to type 2 diabetic sarcopenia using single-cell sequencing and machine learning. PloS one · 7 Jul 2026 PMID 42412755
- Exploring Bakuchiol as an HSP90-Targeting Lead Against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Evidence from In Silico, In Vitro, and Synergy Studies. Journal of computer-aided molecular design · 23 Jun 2026 PMID 42334659
- TP53-mutant AML with ribosomal gene loss exhibits impaired protein translation and sensitivity to HSP90 inhibition. Science advances · 15 May 2026 PMID 42139355
HSP90 Drug Development (4)
- Integrative Database-Driven In Silico and In Vitro Study of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge Highlighting Hippeastrine as a Regulator of the HSP90/PI3K/Akt/mTOR Axis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Advanced biology · 30 May 2026 PMID 42216572
- Discovery of Novel Hsp90 Inhibitor-Evodiamine Derivative Conjugates as Potent and Orally Active Antitumor Agents for Colon Cancer Therapy. Journal of medicinal chemistry · 28 May 2026 PMID 42207984
- Disruption of upstream ox-LDL signaling and HSP90-mediated NLRP3 stability protects against experimental steatohepatitis. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 25 May 2026 PMID 42183856
- Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of a Novel-Labeled Small Molecule Inhibitor-Based PET/SPECT Tracer Targeting HSP90. Journal of medicinal chemistry · 4 May 2026 PMID 42076973
By study type
Human data, design not indexed (2)
- Discovery of hub genes linking oxidative stress to type 2 diabetic sarcopenia using single-cell sequencing and machine learning. PloS one · 7 Jul 2026 PMID 42412755
- TP53-mutant AML with ribosomal gene loss exhibits impaired protein translation and sensitivity to HSP90 inhibition. Science advances · 15 May 2026 PMID 42139355
Preclinical: animal, cell and lab studies (14)
- Integrative drug repositioning identifies FDA-approved inhibitors of HSP90AA1 with therapeutic potential in colorectal cancer. Bioorganic chemistry · 21 Aug 2026 PMID 42628382
- Heat Shock Protein Inhibitor Tanespimycin (17AAG) Suppresses SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Activity and Is More Potent Than Clinically Approved Antiviral Nirmatrelvir. Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 14 Aug 2026 PMID 42599674
- Discovery of a Novel HSP90-Targeting Inhibitor for AML from the Marine Aaptamine Scaffold. Journal of medicinal chemistry · 13 Aug 2026 PMID 42593906
- Captopril alleviates vascular endothelial dysfunction by regulating TRPV1 and activating the eNOS pathway. European journal of pharmacology · 31 Jul 2026 PMID 42537735
- Integrated identification and validation of HSP90AA1 as a therapeutic target of Astragalus membranaceus in Alzheimer's disease. Neuroscience · 23 Jul 2026 PMID 42492887
- Development and validation of HSP90AA1 as a risk gene in a HIF-1α pathway-related prognostic signature for hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 6 Jul 2026 PMID 42407433
- A network pharmacology-based approach and molecular docking study to explore the therapeutic potential of a nutraceutical formula (Vernolac) in the treatment of cancer. PloS one · 1 Jul 2026 PMID 42384725
- Exploring Sevoflurane promotes hippocampal neuron mitophagy in elderly postoperative cognitive dysfunction by HSP90AA1 based on network pharmacology. Experimental brain research · 29 Jun 2026 PMID 42370964
- Exploring Bakuchiol as an HSP90-Targeting Lead Against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Evidence from In Silico, In Vitro, and Synergy Studies. Journal of computer-aided molecular design · 23 Jun 2026 PMID 42334659
- Integrative Database-Driven In Silico and In Vitro Study of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge Highlighting Hippeastrine as a Regulator of the HSP90/PI3K/Akt/mTOR Axis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Advanced biology · 30 May 2026 PMID 42216572
- Discovery of Novel Hsp90 Inhibitor-Evodiamine Derivative Conjugates as Potent and Orally Active Antitumor Agents for Colon Cancer Therapy. Journal of medicinal chemistry · 28 May 2026 PMID 42207984
- Studies of design, synthesis and biological properties, ADMET profiling, molecular docking, network pharmacology and molecular dynamics simulation of novel chalcone derivatives containing benzoyl-piperazin. Bioorganic chemistry · 21 May 2026 PMID 42166963
- Integrated UPLC-QTOF-MS and Network Pharmacology for Predicting Active Constituents and Pharmacological Mechanisms of Yinxingye Tablets Against Oxidative Stress. Biomedical chromatography : BMC · 9 May 2026 PMID 42104588
- Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of a Novel-Labeled Small Molecule Inhibitor-Based PET/SPECT Tracer Targeting HSP90. Journal of medicinal chemistry · 4 May 2026 PMID 42076973
Unclassified: not yet indexed with MeSH (5)
- Integrated Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Profiling Reveals Dysregulated Inflammatory Signaling Networks in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Omics : a journal of integrative biology · 9 Oct 2026 PMID 42852684
- Integrated multi-omics, machine learning, network toxicology, and molecular docking reveal potential mechanisms underlying methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate-associated breast cancer. Molecular diversity · 28 Aug 2026 PMID 42665765
- Multi-omics investigation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in lung adenocarcinoma: comprehensive network toxicology, machine learning and molecular docking experiments. Molecular diversity · 23 Jun 2026 PMID 42334505
- Disruption of upstream ox-LDL signaling and HSP90-mediated NLRP3 stability protects against experimental steatohepatitis. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 25 May 2026 PMID 42183856
- Integrative bioinformatics and experimental validation reveal quercetin as a potential multi-target therapeutic agent in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cytotechnology · 18 May 2026 PMID 42145839
Written from 21 PubMed abstracts, each one listed by PMID above. Published: 2026-06-15. Last written: 2026-08-30 by GPT. Drafted by language models from published abstracts; not medical advice.