Inflammation
Inflammation is a coordinated biological process involving immune activation and changes in affected tissues in response to infection, injury, metabolic disturbance, or other cellular stress.
Inflammation is a coordinated biological process involving immune activation and changes in affected tissues in response to infection, injury, metabolic disturbance, or other cellular stress. It is mediated by interactions among immune cells—including macrophages—signaling molecules such as proinflammatory cytokines, and tissue processes such as oxidative stress, apoptosis, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and repair. Depending on its duration and context, inflammation may support host defense and wound healing or contribute to persistent tissue injury and impaired tissue regeneration.
In current biomedical research, inflammation is studied both as a biological process and as a therapeutic target. It is investigated in systemic disorders such as heart failure, obesity, diabetes, and metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis, as well as in localized conditions involving the eye, skin, brain, and joints. Commonly measured inflammatory mediators include tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Recent work places inflammation within broader networks involving immune activation, metabolic dysfunction, mitochondrial biology, reactive oxygen species, and tissue remodeling.
Where the papers sit
14 papers from the last 6 months study inflammation directly · updated from PubMed 3 Nov 2026
Study type 3 clinical trials · 3 observational · 7 preclinical · 1 unclassified
Themes one subject · 1 new direction
Those 14 are all about one subject.
-
Inflammatory Disease Biology
Inflammatory signaling is examined across gastric, cardiac, hepatic, ocular, neurologic, and musculoskeletal disease. Oxidative stress, fibrosis, apoptosis, and circulating inflammatory markers recur as links between tissue injury and clinical outcomes. Imaging and biomarkers are used alongside experimental interventions, including oxygen therapy, neuromodulation, digoxin, plant-derived compounds, and nanozyme delivery. The set does not establish a single therapeutic direction; it maps inflammation as a shared disease mechanism and measurement target.
Inflammation is presented as a regulator of reproductive steroidogenesis through neuroendocrine–immune crosstalk
Neurotensin-mediated modulation of CYP19A1 and estrogen homeostasis during inflammation treats inflammation not merely as a pathological process, biomarker, or therapeutic target, but as a state that links immune activation to reproductive endocrine function: LPS-induced inflammation suppressed CYP19A1 and estrogen production, whereas NTSR1 activation reversed this effect in the brain, ovary, and plasma 42320252Jun. This extends the role assigned to inflammation in the set to include disruption of estrogen homeostasis and steroidogenic signaling.
Papers
The 14 papers from the last 6 months that study inflammation directly, newest first, by theme and by study type. Study types come from PubMed publication types and MeSH headings.
By theme
Inflammatory Disease Biology (14)
- Tragopogon coelesyriacus Boiss. attenuates ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in vivo: modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. PloS one · 16 Sept 2026 PMID 42748059
- Value of preoperative peripheral blood inflammation markers in predicting prognosis after radical gastric cancer surgery. Scientific reports · 14 Sept 2026 PMID 42736302
- Cardiac MRI Strain for Prediction of PET-defined Myocardial Inflammation in Patients with Cardiac Sarcoidosis. Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging · 3 Sept 2026 PMID 42690155
- New Evidence in Heart Failure: 2026 Update. ESC heart failure · 1 Sept 2026 PMID 42679357
- A Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Monitoring Carboxylesterase Dynamics: Application to NAFLD Diagnosis and Therapeutic Assessment of Qiwei Gandanqing Granules. Analytical chemistry · 18 Aug 2026 PMID 42610928
- Simplified definition and imaging-based stratification of at-risk MASH using magnetic resonance elastography. Hepatology communications · 11 Aug 2026 PMID 42579768
- Coordinated gene-catalytic therapy to attenuate intervertebral disc degeneration: A beehive-like nucleic acid nanozyme for microenvironment modulation. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 10 Aug 2026 PMID 42575212
- tVNS and obesity-related inflammation: a prospective sham-controlled randomized crossover study protocol. BMC psychology · 5 Aug 2026 PMID 42552546
- Photobiomodulation therapy combined with a static magnetic field for chronic non-specific knee pain: protocol for a multicentre, randomised, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial. BMJ open · 4 Aug 2026 PMID 42552011
- Digoxin inhibits HIF-1α to attenuate inflammation and fibrosis in thyroid eye disease. Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 24 Jul 2026 PMID 42497831
- Efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for post-stroke depression: Association with inflammatory biomarker reduction in a sham-controlled randomized trial. Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association · 23 Jun 2026 PMID 42336256
- Neurotensin-mediated modulation of CYP19A1 and estrogen homeostasis during inflammation: an integrated network pharmacology, molecular docking and in vivo investigation. International immunopharmacology · 19 Jun 2026 PMID 42320252
- Discovery of a bamboo sap-derived dihydroxyacetophenone analog as a potent anti-inflammatory agent against acute liver failure. Bioorganic chemistry · 17 Jun 2026 PMID 42308786
- Intravitreal nintedanib attenuates proliferative vitreoretinopathy in a mouse model: Efficacy, safety, and mechanistic insights. Experimental eye research · 9 Jun 2026 PMID 42264059
By study type
Clinical trials (3)
- tVNS and obesity-related inflammation: a prospective sham-controlled randomized crossover study protocol. BMC psychology · 5 Aug 2026 PMID 42552546
- Photobiomodulation therapy combined with a static magnetic field for chronic non-specific knee pain: protocol for a multicentre, randomised, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial. BMJ open · 4 Aug 2026 PMID 42552011
- Efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for post-stroke depression: Association with inflammatory biomarker reduction in a sham-controlled randomized trial. Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association · 23 Jun 2026 PMID 42336256
Observational studies and case reports (3)
- Value of preoperative peripheral blood inflammation markers in predicting prognosis after radical gastric cancer surgery. Scientific reports · 14 Sept 2026 PMID 42736302
- Cardiac MRI Strain for Prediction of PET-defined Myocardial Inflammation in Patients with Cardiac Sarcoidosis. Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging · 3 Sept 2026 PMID 42690155
- Simplified definition and imaging-based stratification of at-risk MASH using magnetic resonance elastography. Hepatology communications · 11 Aug 2026 PMID 42579768
Preclinical: animal, cell and lab studies (7)
- Tragopogon coelesyriacus Boiss. attenuates ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in vivo: modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. PloS one · 16 Sept 2026 PMID 42748059
- A Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Monitoring Carboxylesterase Dynamics: Application to NAFLD Diagnosis and Therapeutic Assessment of Qiwei Gandanqing Granules. Analytical chemistry · 18 Aug 2026 PMID 42610928
- Coordinated gene-catalytic therapy to attenuate intervertebral disc degeneration: A beehive-like nucleic acid nanozyme for microenvironment modulation. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 10 Aug 2026 PMID 42575212
- Digoxin inhibits HIF-1α to attenuate inflammation and fibrosis in thyroid eye disease. Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 24 Jul 2026 PMID 42497831
- Neurotensin-mediated modulation of CYP19A1 and estrogen homeostasis during inflammation: an integrated network pharmacology, molecular docking and in vivo investigation. International immunopharmacology · 19 Jun 2026 PMID 42320252
- Discovery of a bamboo sap-derived dihydroxyacetophenone analog as a potent anti-inflammatory agent against acute liver failure. Bioorganic chemistry · 17 Jun 2026 PMID 42308786
- Intravitreal nintedanib attenuates proliferative vitreoretinopathy in a mouse model: Efficacy, safety, and mechanistic insights. Experimental eye research · 9 Jun 2026 PMID 42264059
Unclassified: not yet indexed with MeSH (1)
- New Evidence in Heart Failure: 2026 Update. ESC heart failure · 1 Sept 2026 PMID 42679357
Written from 14 PubMed abstracts, each one listed by PMID above. Published: 2026-09-03. Last written: 2026-09-18 by GPT. Drafted by language models from published abstracts; not medical advice.