Taxane
Taxanes are a class of microtubule-targeting antineoplastic agents used widely in oncology.
Taxanes are a class of microtubule-targeting antineoplastic agents used widely in oncology. The best-known members of this family include paclitaxel, docetaxel, and nab-paclitaxel. Their principal pharmacologic action is to promote microtubule stabilization, thereby disrupting normal microtubule dynamics required for mitosis and leading to cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in rapidly dividing cells. Because of this mechanism, taxanes are commonly used in solid tumors, including breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, and head and neck malignancies.
In contemporary cancer therapy, taxanes are often combined with other cytotoxic agents, targeted therapies, or immunotherapies to improve response rates and survival. They are also frequently studied in neoadjuvant and induction settings, where they are used before definitive local therapy. Recent research has continued to evaluate taxanes in combination regimens, including carboplatin, trastuzumab-pertuzumab, pembrolizumab, gemcitabine, S-1, and radiotherapy-based protocols, reflecting their central role in multimodal cancer treatment.
Where the papers sit
22 papers from the last 6 months study taxane directly · updated from PubMed 7 Oct 2026
Study type 3 clinical trials · 8 observational · 1 human data · 10 preclinical
Themes 4 themes · 1 paradigm shift
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Taxane Treatment Optimization
Taxane treatment optimization centers on targeted delivery, drug combinations, resistance reversal, and toxicity prediction. Breast cancer studies pair paclitaxel with quercetin, photothermal therapy, carboplatin, or BRCA-directed treatment strategies. Nanovesicles, micelles, solid dispersions, and ultrasound-responsive systems aim to improve tumor exposure, while ABCB1 targeting addresses docetaxel resistance. Peripheral neuropathy remains a clinical constraint, with nailfold capillaroscopy explored for risk prediction.
12 papers · 54.5%
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Taxane Therapy in Head and Neck Cancer
Taxane-based combination therapy is being tested before surgery and alongside radiation for locally advanced head and neck cancers. Paclitaxel, carboplatin, and cetuximab are used to seek better clinical and pathological responses, while liposomal doxorubicin plus nab-paclitaxel is studied in adenoid cystic carcinoma. Patient-derived tongue cancer models extend response testing beyond standard clinical cohorts. Reduced dexamethasone premedication reflects a parallel effort to limit steroid exposure without increasing paclitaxel hypersensitivity.
4 papers · 18.2%
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Second-Line Therapy in NSCLC
Second-line NSCLC treatment is shifting toward post-immunotherapy comparisons between docetaxel-based therapy and molecularly targeted options. Docetaxel plus ramucirumab is being evaluated immediately after immunotherapy, with emphasis on efficacy, durability, and safety. Real-world analyses compare this chemotherapy standard with sotorasib in advanced or metastatic disease. The open question is whether KRAS-directed treatment provides more durable benefit than docetaxel monotherapy outside trial-selected populations.
2 papers · 9.1%
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Others — Cross-Cancer Chemotherapy Studies
Taxane chemotherapy appears across advanced gastric, pancreatic, and bladder cancer studies, but the clinical questions differ. Ramucirumab-taxane therapy after nivolumab focuses on outcomes in advanced gastric cancer. Nab-paclitaxel plus S-1 is being evaluated for locally advanced pancreatic cancer, while bladder cancer work uses MRI radiomics to classify response and immune states. No single disease or treatment question unifies the cluster.
4 papers · 18.2%
Prior immune-checkpoint therapy does not enhance subsequent taxane–ramucirumab efficacy
The study of HER2-negative advanced gastric cancer treated with ramucirumab plus taxane after immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy 42823186Oct and the study of HER2-negative advanced gastric cancer treated with taxane plus ramucirumab after oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy with or without nivolumab 42247598Jun challenge the assumption that prior immune checkpoint inhibition improves the later taxane regimen. The first found no significant progression-free or overall-survival difference according to whether prior ICI treatment produced progressive disease or a better response, despite a 30.4% response rate to the subsequent regimen; the second found nearly identical overall survival in ICI-exposed and ICI-naive patients. Thus, prior ICI exposure or failure should not be presumed to sensitize tumors to subsequent taxane–ramucirumab treatment or to determine its benefit.
Papers
The 22 papers from the last 6 months that study taxane directly, newest first, by theme and by study type. Study types come from PubMed publication types and MeSH headings.
By theme
Taxane Treatment Optimization (12)
- Anthracycline-containing versus anthracycline-free carboplatin-based regimens in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: real-world outcomes. Breast cancer research and treatment · 9 Sept 2026 PMID 42714613
- Chemotherapy type and survival in young BRCA1/2 carriers with HER2-negative early breast cancer. European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 11 Aug 2026 PMID 42580099
- Predicting taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy by nailfold capillaroscopy: The CAPNEU pilot study. Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 26 Jul 2026 PMID 42503543
- Breaking Through the Limits: Nanomedicine at the Service of New Drug Combinations to Tackle Pancreatic Cancer. Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology · 18 Jun 2026 PMID 42312894
- Exosomes as Biomimetic Nanoplatforms for Synergistic Targeted Chemotherapy and Photothermal Treatment of Breast Cancer. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 15 Jun 2026 PMID 42290533
- Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Antitumor Activity of Novel Phenylahistin Derivatives with Double F-Substitution via Dual Inhibition of Microtubule and P53/BCL-2/BAX Signaling Pathways. Journal of medicinal chemistry · 11 Jun 2026 PMID 42273719
- Potentiating Paclitaxel with its Homologous Nanovesicles: A Synergistic Strategy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Therapy. ACS applied materials & interfaces · 10 Jun 2026 PMID 42268988
- Integrin αvβ3-Targeted SLNs for Co-Delivery of Paclitaxel and Quercetin in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. ACS applied materials & interfaces · 10 Jun 2026 PMID 42267862
- Strain-promoted click chemistry boosts microbubbles for targeted ultrasound imaging and cancer chemotherapy. Acta biomaterialia · 5 Jun 2026 PMID 42248283
- Improving Paclitaxel permeation and anticancer efficacy through Soluplus-based solid dispersion with Piperine. Drug development and industrial pharmacy · 20 May 2026 PMID 42160324
- Vindoline, a vinca alkaloid derived from Catharanthus roseus, targets ABCB1 to overcome docetaxel resistance in prostate cancer. Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 18 Apr 2026 PMID 42000630
- Biologically responsive micelles based on polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide for docetaxel delivery. Carbohydrate research · 17 Apr 2026 PMID 41996854
Taxane Therapy in Head and Neck Cancer (4)
- Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With Paclitaxel, Carboplatin, and Cetuximab for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer. Anticancer research · 29 Jun 2026 PMID 42373242
- Novel patient-derived tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell lines from non-smokers: 3D and in vivo models for drug response studies. Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 29 Jun 2026 PMID 42371352
- Reduced-dose dexamethasone premedication for weekly paclitaxel: a retrospective cohort study of early hypersensitivity reactions and steroid-related toxicity. Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 29 Jun 2026 PMID 42371187
- Liposomal doxorubicin plus nab-paclitaxel with/without chemoradiotherapy in head and neck adenoid cystic carcinoma: single-arm phase II study. Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 12 Jun 2026 PMID 42285940
Second-Line Therapy in NSCLC (2)
- Real-world comparative effectiveness of sotorasib versus docetaxel monotherapy in second line and beyond for advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: A national database analysis from England. Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2 Jun 2026 PMID 42229337
- Docetaxel plus ramucirumab immediately after immunotherapy in advanced NSCLC: A phase II study (DRUN). Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 18 May 2026 PMID 42150483
Others — Cross-Cancer Chemotherapy Studies (4)
- Clinical Outcomes of Ramucirumab Plus Taxane After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in HER2-negative Advanced Gastric Cancer. Anticancer research · 1 Oct 2026 PMID 42823186
- Magnetic resonance imaging radiomic phenotypes stratify response and define immune states in very high-risk, nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with tislelizumab plus nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel. Cancer · 24 Jun 2026 PMID 42339693
- Nab-paclitaxel plus S-1 induction chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer: a multicenter, open-label phase 2 study. Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 21 Jun 2026 PMID 42324245
- Impact of prior nivolumab on treatment outcomes of taxane plus ramucirumab in advanced gastric cancer. Japanese journal of clinical oncology · 5 Jun 2026 PMID 42247598
By study type
Clinical trials (3)
- Nab-paclitaxel plus S-1 induction chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer: a multicenter, open-label phase 2 study. Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 21 Jun 2026 PMID 42324245
- Liposomal doxorubicin plus nab-paclitaxel with/without chemoradiotherapy in head and neck adenoid cystic carcinoma: single-arm phase II study. Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 12 Jun 2026 PMID 42285940
- Docetaxel plus ramucirumab immediately after immunotherapy in advanced NSCLC: A phase II study (DRUN). Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 18 May 2026 PMID 42150483
Observational studies and case reports (8)
- Clinical Outcomes of Ramucirumab Plus Taxane After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in HER2-negative Advanced Gastric Cancer. Anticancer research · 1 Oct 2026 PMID 42823186
- Anthracycline-containing versus anthracycline-free carboplatin-based regimens in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: real-world outcomes. Breast cancer research and treatment · 9 Sept 2026 PMID 42714613
- Chemotherapy type and survival in young BRCA1/2 carriers with HER2-negative early breast cancer. European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 11 Aug 2026 PMID 42580099
- Predicting taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy by nailfold capillaroscopy: The CAPNEU pilot study. Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 26 Jul 2026 PMID 42503543
- Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With Paclitaxel, Carboplatin, and Cetuximab for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer. Anticancer research · 29 Jun 2026 PMID 42373242
- Reduced-dose dexamethasone premedication for weekly paclitaxel: a retrospective cohort study of early hypersensitivity reactions and steroid-related toxicity. Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 29 Jun 2026 PMID 42371187
- Magnetic resonance imaging radiomic phenotypes stratify response and define immune states in very high-risk, nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with tislelizumab plus nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel. Cancer · 24 Jun 2026 PMID 42339693
- Impact of prior nivolumab on treatment outcomes of taxane plus ramucirumab in advanced gastric cancer. Japanese journal of clinical oncology · 5 Jun 2026 PMID 42247598
Human data, design not indexed (1)
- Real-world comparative effectiveness of sotorasib versus docetaxel monotherapy in second line and beyond for advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: A national database analysis from England. Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2 Jun 2026 PMID 42229337
Preclinical: animal, cell and lab studies (10)
- Novel patient-derived tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell lines from non-smokers: 3D and in vivo models for drug response studies. Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 29 Jun 2026 PMID 42371352
- Breaking Through the Limits: Nanomedicine at the Service of New Drug Combinations to Tackle Pancreatic Cancer. Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology · 18 Jun 2026 PMID 42312894
- Exosomes as Biomimetic Nanoplatforms for Synergistic Targeted Chemotherapy and Photothermal Treatment of Breast Cancer. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 15 Jun 2026 PMID 42290533
- Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Antitumor Activity of Novel Phenylahistin Derivatives with Double F-Substitution via Dual Inhibition of Microtubule and P53/BCL-2/BAX Signaling Pathways. Journal of medicinal chemistry · 11 Jun 2026 PMID 42273719
- Potentiating Paclitaxel with its Homologous Nanovesicles: A Synergistic Strategy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Therapy. ACS applied materials & interfaces · 10 Jun 2026 PMID 42268988
- Integrin αvβ3-Targeted SLNs for Co-Delivery of Paclitaxel and Quercetin in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. ACS applied materials & interfaces · 10 Jun 2026 PMID 42267862
- Strain-promoted click chemistry boosts microbubbles for targeted ultrasound imaging and cancer chemotherapy. Acta biomaterialia · 5 Jun 2026 PMID 42248283
- Improving Paclitaxel permeation and anticancer efficacy through Soluplus-based solid dispersion with Piperine. Drug development and industrial pharmacy · 20 May 2026 PMID 42160324
- Vindoline, a vinca alkaloid derived from Catharanthus roseus, targets ABCB1 to overcome docetaxel resistance in prostate cancer. Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 18 Apr 2026 PMID 42000630
- Biologically responsive micelles based on polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide for docetaxel delivery. Carbohydrate research · 17 Apr 2026 PMID 41996854
Written from 22 PubMed abstracts, each one listed by PMID above. Published: 2026-06-24. Last written: 2026-09-11 by GPT. Drafted by language models from published abstracts; not medical advice.