Glutathione
Glutathione (GSH) is a small thiol-containing tripeptide composed of glutamate, cysteine, and glycine.
Glutathione (GSH) is a small thiol-containing tripeptide composed of glutamate, cysteine, and glycine. It is one of the most abundant intracellular antioxidants in mammalian cells and is central to redox homeostasis, detoxification, and protection against oxidative damage. By directly scavenging reactive species and serving as a substrate for glutathione peroxidases and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), it helps regulate lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and cellular responses to electrophilic stress.
In biomedical research, glutathione is frequently treated as both a biomarker and a functional target. Elevated or depleted GSH levels are used to characterize oxidative stress, ferroptosis susceptibility, inflammatory injury, and drug resistance. Because many tumors maintain high intracellular GSH to buffer oxidative stress, glutathione has become a major focus in cancer nanomedicine and redox-responsive drug delivery, where GSH-cleavable disulfide bonds, GSH-triggered release systems, and GSH depletion strategies are used to amplify photodynamic therapy, chemodynamic therapy, cuproptosis, and ferroptosis.
Where the papers sit
15 papers from the last 6 months study glutathione directly · updated from PubMed 12 Oct 2026
Study type 0 clinical trials · 1 observational · 3 human data · 10 preclinical · 1 unclassified
Themes one subject
Those 15 are all about one subject.
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Glutathione Redox Biology
Glutathione is being treated as both a redox regulator and a therapeutic lever across oxidative injury, ferroptosis, tissue repair, and drug delivery. Its depletion or remodeling recurs in ferroptosis, mitochondrial autophagy, neuroinflammation, and tumor response, while boosting glutathione supports nanoparticle clearance and pulp-dentine repair. Biomaterials increasingly exploit glutathione-responsive release or deliberately scavenge it to improve photodynamic, sonocatalytic, and antimicrobial therapy. The breadth supports glutathione-centered intervention, but shared clinical endpoints and translational evidence remain limited.
Papers
The 15 papers from the last 6 months that study glutathione directly, newest first, by theme and by study type. Study types come from PubMed publication types and MeSH headings.
By theme
Glutathione Redox Biology (15)
- Changes in Glutathione and Homocysteine Concentrations in Treatment-Resistant Depression After Electroconvulsive Therapy. Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 10 Sept 2026 PMID 42721112
- Glutathione Primes Mitochondrial Autophagy to Guide Pulp-Dentine Complex Repair. International endodontic journal · 3 Sept 2026 PMID 42687338
- Boosting Cellular Glutathione Accelerates Elimination of Engineered Ultrasmall Nanoparticles from Kidneys and Liver by Promoting Exosome Release. ACS nano · 18 Aug 2026 PMID 42611259
- Effects of Exercise on Ocular Parameters and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Saliva and Tear Fluid of Horses. Veterinary medicine and science · 12 Aug 2026 PMID 42585227
- LZTFL1 rewires NADPH-glutathione metabolism to amplify ferroptosis. Molecular cell · 4 Aug 2026 PMID 42551439
- Multi-modular responsive hydroxypropyl chitosan-based hydrogel microspheres for stage-specific therapy in infected wounds. Carbohydrate polymers · 23 Jul 2026 PMID 42493128
- Reprogramming Glutathione-Binding Proteins into Artificial Photoenzymes by Engineered Glutathione-Type Cofactors. Journal of the American Chemical Society · 23 Jul 2026 PMID 42490155
- Dual-trigger hyaluronic acid nanoprodrug incorporating a 2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl linker for CD44-targeted and glutathione-responsive drug delivery. International journal of pharmaceutics · 4 Jul 2026 PMID 42401301
- Tumor-targeted activatable molecular agent for synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy. Bioorganic chemistry · 3 Jul 2026 PMID 42398394
- Dual-quenched and redox-responsive gold nanoplatforms for tumor-specific multimodal theranostics. Nanoscale · 26 Jun 2026 PMID 42358224
- A GSH-scavenging and synthesis-blocking microneedle patch for augmenting photodynamic eradication of diabetic wound biofilms. Journal of materials chemistry. B · 16 Jun 2026 PMID 42300219
- Glutathione-Induced In Situ Oxygen Vacancies in FeOOH Nanospindles for Boosting Sonocatalytic Tumor Therapy. Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 9 Jun 2026 PMID 42261917
- Supramolecular co-assembly of platycodin-d-loaded iron nanocomposite enhances hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy with synergistic ferroptosis-photo-chemotherapy. Mikrochimica acta · 14 May 2026 PMID 42133129
- Glutathione as a Potential Neuroprotectant Against MDMA-Induced Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Apoptosis in the Rat Brain. Neurochemical research · 6 May 2026 PMID 42090092
- Don't Lose Your (War)head: Structure-Activity Relationships of Covalent Warheads as Substrates for GST-Catalyzed Glutathione Conjugation. Journal of medicinal chemistry · 30 Apr 2026 PMID 42062179
By study type
Observational studies and case reports (1)
- Changes in Glutathione and Homocysteine Concentrations in Treatment-Resistant Depression After Electroconvulsive Therapy. Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 10 Sept 2026 PMID 42721112
Human data, design not indexed (3)
- Reprogramming Glutathione-Binding Proteins into Artificial Photoenzymes by Engineered Glutathione-Type Cofactors. Journal of the American Chemical Society · 23 Jul 2026 PMID 42490155
- Glutathione-Induced In Situ Oxygen Vacancies in FeOOH Nanospindles for Boosting Sonocatalytic Tumor Therapy. Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 9 Jun 2026 PMID 42261917
- Don't Lose Your (War)head: Structure-Activity Relationships of Covalent Warheads as Substrates for GST-Catalyzed Glutathione Conjugation. Journal of medicinal chemistry · 30 Apr 2026 PMID 42062179
Preclinical: animal, cell and lab studies (10)
- Boosting Cellular Glutathione Accelerates Elimination of Engineered Ultrasmall Nanoparticles from Kidneys and Liver by Promoting Exosome Release. ACS nano · 18 Aug 2026 PMID 42611259
- Effects of Exercise on Ocular Parameters and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Saliva and Tear Fluid of Horses. Veterinary medicine and science · 12 Aug 2026 PMID 42585227
- LZTFL1 rewires NADPH-glutathione metabolism to amplify ferroptosis. Molecular cell · 4 Aug 2026 PMID 42551439
- Multi-modular responsive hydroxypropyl chitosan-based hydrogel microspheres for stage-specific therapy in infected wounds. Carbohydrate polymers · 23 Jul 2026 PMID 42493128
- Dual-trigger hyaluronic acid nanoprodrug incorporating a 2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl linker for CD44-targeted and glutathione-responsive drug delivery. International journal of pharmaceutics · 4 Jul 2026 PMID 42401301
- Tumor-targeted activatable molecular agent for synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy. Bioorganic chemistry · 3 Jul 2026 PMID 42398394
- Dual-quenched and redox-responsive gold nanoplatforms for tumor-specific multimodal theranostics. Nanoscale · 26 Jun 2026 PMID 42358224
- A GSH-scavenging and synthesis-blocking microneedle patch for augmenting photodynamic eradication of diabetic wound biofilms. Journal of materials chemistry. B · 16 Jun 2026 PMID 42300219
- Supramolecular co-assembly of platycodin-d-loaded iron nanocomposite enhances hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy with synergistic ferroptosis-photo-chemotherapy. Mikrochimica acta · 14 May 2026 PMID 42133129
- Glutathione as a Potential Neuroprotectant Against MDMA-Induced Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Apoptosis in the Rat Brain. Neurochemical research · 6 May 2026 PMID 42090092
Unclassified: not yet indexed with MeSH (1)
- Glutathione Primes Mitochondrial Autophagy to Guide Pulp-Dentine Complex Repair. International endodontic journal · 3 Sept 2026 PMID 42687338
Written from 15 PubMed abstracts, each one listed by PMID above. Published: 2026-06-16. Last written: 2026-09-12 by GPT. Drafted by language models from published abstracts; not medical advice.