Carboplatin
Carboplatin is a platinum-based antineoplastic agent used across a wide range of solid tumors.
Carboplatin is a platinum-based antineoplastic agent used across a wide range of solid tumors. Like other platinum compounds it acts by forming DNA adducts, chiefly 1,2-intrastrand crosslinks between adjacent guanines, which distort the helix and block replication and transcription until the damage either is repaired or triggers apoptosis. It differs from cisplatin in the chemistry of its leaving group: the bidentate cyclobutanedicarboxylate departs far more slowly than cisplatin's chlorides, so the drug is less reactive, circulates longer and produces the same adducts more gradually. That single difference accounts for the clinical profile — substantially less nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity and emesis than cisplatin, at the cost of greater myelosuppression, with thrombocytopenia its most characteristic dose-limiting effect.
Because carboplatin is cleared almost entirely by glomerular filtration and its toxicity tracks total exposure rather than body size, it is dosed to a target area under the concentration-time curve calculated from renal function rather than by body surface area — an unusual practice among cytotoxics and the main safeguard against overdosing patients with impaired kidneys. Repeated exposure also produces a distinctive hypersensitivity that typically appears after several cycles rather than on first administration, often requiring desensitization in patients being retreated. Resistance develops through increased nucleotide excision repair and adduct tolerance, altered platinum influx and efflux, and inactivation by intracellular thiols.
In practice it is given in combination — with paclitaxel, pemetrexed, gemcitabine or etoposide, and increasingly with targeted and immune agents including pembrolizumab, durvalumab, atezolizumab, amivantamab and serplulimab. It is a standard backbone in lung cancer, gynecologic malignancies, breast cancer and pediatric or rare tumors; in ovarian cancer the interval between completing platinum and relapsing defines platinum sensitivity, which governs whether it is used again and what follows it. Carboplatin also appears in veterinary oncology and in experimental drug-delivery research.
Where the papers sit
18 papers from the last 6 months study carboplatin directly · updated from PubMed 12 Oct 2026
Study type 3 clinical trials · 5 observational · 2 human data · 6 preclinical · 2 unclassified
Themes 4 themes
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Multicancer Platinum Chemotherapy
Paclitaxel-carboplatin remains a platform for neoadjuvant and first-line treatment across cervical, breast, head-and-neck, thyroid, and other cancers. The literature emphasizes survival and response outcomes, including real-world comparisons of anthracycline-containing versus anthracycline-free regimens in triple-negative breast cancer. Immunotherapy and targeted additions such as dostarlimab or cetuximab broaden the treatment question beyond chemotherapy alone. Microphysiological models offer a parallel route to predict therapy response rather than establish a shared clinical standard.
6 papers · 33.3%
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Lung Cancer Immunotherapy
Platinum-pemetrexed chemotherapy is increasingly paired with immune checkpoint or pathway-directed therapy in advanced and resectable NSCLC. Atezolizumab and serplulimab anchor perioperative approaches, while atezolizumab with or without bevacizumab is tested in metastatic disease. EGFR-mutated tumors drive amivantamab combinations and ivonescimab after disease progression. Progression-free and overall survival, safety, and biomarker-defined benefit remain the key tests.
5 papers · 27.8%
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Platinum Sensitization in Cancer
Platinum sensitivity in ovarian cancer is being linked to sphingolipid signaling, mitochondrial-immune states, and regulated cell death. SMS1 and SMS2 emerge as distinct determinants of chemotherapy response, while multi-omics seeks predictors in high-grade serous disease. Purine analogues and sonosensitizer strategies aim to amplify carboplatin-associated apoptosis or autophagy, but evidence remains largely preclinical. Targeted therapy in HER2-positive salivary duct carcinoma shows that durable responses may also depend on non-platinum biology.
5 papers · 27.8%
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Others — Mechanisms and Drug Delivery
NF-κB inhibition is implicated in carboplatin’s ability to alleviate astrocytic TDP-43 neurotoxicity. A separate computational study models carboplatin activation and DNA-base binding on magnesium oxide using a dicarboxylate ligand. The shared focus is mechanistic rather than clinical, spanning neuroprotection and drug delivery. No single biological direction or therapeutic application unites the cluster.
2 papers · 11.1%
Papers
The 18 papers from the last 6 months that study carboplatin directly, newest first, by theme and by study type. Study types come from PubMed publication types and MeSH headings.
By theme
Multicancer Platinum Chemotherapy (6)
- Anthracycline-containing versus anthracycline-free carboplatin-based regimens in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: real-world outcomes. Breast cancer research and treatment · 9 Sept 2026 PMID 42714613
- Estimating the budget impact of introducing dostarlimab as first line in treating endometrial cancer in Saudi Arabia. Journal of medical economics · 31 Jul 2026 PMID 42535775
- Neoadjuvant Paclitaxel-Carboplatin Chemotherapy Followed by Cesarean Radical Hysterectomy in Pregnant Patients With Cervical Cancer: Obstetric, Neonatal, and Surgical Outcomes. The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 23 Jul 2026 PMID 42489393
- Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With Paclitaxel, Carboplatin, and Cetuximab for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer. Anticancer research · 29 Jun 2026 PMID 42373242
- A microphysiological spheroid system for modeling glioblastoma structure and therapy response. Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 22 May 2026 PMID 42172901
- Outcome of first-line chemotherapy for anaplastic thyroid cancer-a multicenter registry analysis. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 28 Apr 2026 PMID 42046902
Lung Cancer Immunotherapy (5)
- Ivonescimab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy in patients with advanced EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer after disease progression on EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy (HARMONi): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial. The Lancet. Oncology · 24 Aug 2026 PMID 42636833
- Development of the Weight-Tiered Q3W Regimen of Amivantamab in Combination With Carboplatin-Pemetrexed in EGFR-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 21 May 2026 PMID 42166539
- Final overall survival analysis of the APPLE study: atezolizumab and platinum-pemetrexed with or without bevacizumab for metastatic nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer. Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 13 May 2026 PMID 42127535
- Simplified perioperative serplulimab and chemotherapy for resectable squamous NSCLC: a phase II trial with biomarker analysis. Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 11 May 2026 PMID 42114951
- Neoadjuvant Atezolizumab and Chemotherapy for Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Efficacy and Safety Results of an Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase II Trial. International journal of cancer · 20 Apr 2026 PMID 42003237
Platinum Sensitization in Cancer (5)
- HER2-positive salivary duct carcinoma: durable response to targeted therapy and chemotherapy. BMJ case reports · 24 Aug 2026 PMID 42637511
- SMS1 and SMS2 differentially regulate platinum chemotherapy sensitivity in ovarian cancer cells. Molecular biology reports · 13 Aug 2026 PMID 42593674
- Repurposing Alzheimer's and ovarian cancer drugs as sonosensitizers for glioblastoma via a positive-unlabeled learning and 3D bioprinting-based new approach methodology (NAM). PloS one · 12 Aug 2026 PMID 42585241
- Integrative Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals a Mitochondrial-Immune Axis Associated With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 20 Jul 2026 PMID 42474029
- Synthesis and biological evaluation of 6,9-disubstituted purine analogues inducing autophagy-mediated apoptosis and potentiating carboplatin response in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Bioorganic chemistry · 2 Jul 2026 PMID 42391813
Others — Mechanisms and Drug Delivery (2)
- Theoretical insights into the activation of carboplatin and its interaction with DNA bases on magnesia: synergistic drug delivery and magnesium supplementation. Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP · 16 Jun 2026 PMID 42300117
- Carboplatin alleviates astrocytic TDP-43 neurotoxicity by inhibiting NF-κB activation. European journal of pharmacology · 14 May 2026 PMID 42134762
By study type
Clinical trials (3)
- Ivonescimab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy in patients with advanced EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer after disease progression on EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy (HARMONi): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial. The Lancet. Oncology · 24 Aug 2026 PMID 42636833
- Final overall survival analysis of the APPLE study: atezolizumab and platinum-pemetrexed with or without bevacizumab for metastatic nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer. Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 13 May 2026 PMID 42127535
- Simplified perioperative serplulimab and chemotherapy for resectable squamous NSCLC: a phase II trial with biomarker analysis. Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 11 May 2026 PMID 42114951
Observational studies and case reports (5)
- Anthracycline-containing versus anthracycline-free carboplatin-based regimens in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: real-world outcomes. Breast cancer research and treatment · 9 Sept 2026 PMID 42714613
- HER2-positive salivary duct carcinoma: durable response to targeted therapy and chemotherapy. BMJ case reports · 24 Aug 2026 PMID 42637511
- Neoadjuvant Paclitaxel-Carboplatin Chemotherapy Followed by Cesarean Radical Hysterectomy in Pregnant Patients With Cervical Cancer: Obstetric, Neonatal, and Surgical Outcomes. The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 23 Jul 2026 PMID 42489393
- Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With Paclitaxel, Carboplatin, and Cetuximab for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer. Anticancer research · 29 Jun 2026 PMID 42373242
- Outcome of first-line chemotherapy for anaplastic thyroid cancer-a multicenter registry analysis. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 28 Apr 2026 PMID 42046902
Human data, design not indexed (2)
- Estimating the budget impact of introducing dostarlimab as first line in treating endometrial cancer in Saudi Arabia. Journal of medical economics · 31 Jul 2026 PMID 42535775
- Development of the Weight-Tiered Q3W Regimen of Amivantamab in Combination With Carboplatin-Pemetrexed in EGFR-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 21 May 2026 PMID 42166539
Preclinical: animal, cell and lab studies (6)
- SMS1 and SMS2 differentially regulate platinum chemotherapy sensitivity in ovarian cancer cells. Molecular biology reports · 13 Aug 2026 PMID 42593674
- Repurposing Alzheimer's and ovarian cancer drugs as sonosensitizers for glioblastoma via a positive-unlabeled learning and 3D bioprinting-based new approach methodology (NAM). PloS one · 12 Aug 2026 PMID 42585241
- Synthesis and biological evaluation of 6,9-disubstituted purine analogues inducing autophagy-mediated apoptosis and potentiating carboplatin response in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Bioorganic chemistry · 2 Jul 2026 PMID 42391813
- Theoretical insights into the activation of carboplatin and its interaction with DNA bases on magnesia: synergistic drug delivery and magnesium supplementation. Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP · 16 Jun 2026 PMID 42300117
- A microphysiological spheroid system for modeling glioblastoma structure and therapy response. Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 22 May 2026 PMID 42172901
- Carboplatin alleviates astrocytic TDP-43 neurotoxicity by inhibiting NF-κB activation. European journal of pharmacology · 14 May 2026 PMID 42134762
Unclassified: not yet indexed with MeSH (2)
- Integrative Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals a Mitochondrial-Immune Axis Associated With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 20 Jul 2026 PMID 42474029
- Neoadjuvant Atezolizumab and Chemotherapy for Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Efficacy and Safety Results of an Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase II Trial. International journal of cancer · 20 Apr 2026 PMID 42003237
Written from 18 PubMed abstracts, each one listed by PMID above. Published: 2026-06-16. Last written: 2026-09-11 by GPT. Corrections: 2026-08-08 by GPT. Drafted by language models from published abstracts; not medical advice.