B7 homolog 3 (B7-H3)
CD276, widely known as B7-H3, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein and a member of the B7 immune checkpoint ligand superfamily.
CD276, widely known as B7-H3, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein and a member of the B7 immune checkpoint ligand superfamily. Originally described as a co-stimulatory molecule, B7-H3 has since been characterized as a multifunctional regulator of adaptive immunity with a pronounced role in tumor biology. Structurally, the human isoform exists predominantly in a 4Ig configuration (containing four immunoglobulin-like domains), and its expression pattern is notably tumor-selective: comprehensive bioinformatics and histopathological analyses have confirmed marked upregulation of B7-H3 across a wide spectrum of malignancies, while expression in healthy tissues is also detected in numerous epithelial, endothelial, fibroblast, and osteoblast populations. This differential expression profile has made CD276 one of the most attractive oncological targets under active clinical and preclinical investigation.
At the cellular level, B7-H3 functions as a multifunctional promoter of tumor progression, influencing immune evasion, signal transduction, and metabolic reprogramming within the tumor microenvironment. Recent evidence implicates B7-H3 in exosome biogenesis, suggesting an additional mechanism by which tumor cells exploit this protein to modulate intercellular communication and shape immune resistance. Its interactions with canonical oncogenic pathways — including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling — as well as the Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) axis, further underscore its role as a node connecting immune checkpoint function to intracellular proliferative and survival programs. The combination of broad tumor overexpression, low normal-tissue toxicity risk, and mechanistic involvement in immune evasion positions CD276 as a high-priority target for next-generation immunotherapies.
Where the papers sit
21 papers from the last 6 months study B7 homolog 3 (B7-H3) directly · updated from PubMed 7 Oct 2026
Study type 1 clinical trial · 3 observational · 4 human data · 13 preclinical
Themes 4 themes
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Solid Tumor Immunotherapy and Imaging
Engineered B7-H3 CAR-T cells are being optimized for solid tumors through fully human receptors, EGFR T-cell engagers, p40 engineering and tumor sensitization. Radiotherapy and tumor-microenvironment remodeling are used to improve activity against radio-resistant disease, including glioblastoma and neuroblastoma. Parallel imaging efforts use antibody-fluorophore conjugates, 68Ga bicyclic peptides and longitudinal biodistribution profiling to guide surgery and delivery. The shared direction is tighter coupling of therapeutic engineering with target visualization, but evidence remains preclinical.
7 papers · 33.3%
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Engineered Cancer Immunotherapy
Immune escape is being tackled with checkpoint disruption, CAR-based effectors and rational multimodal combinations. CD276/SPARC signaling and TIGIT-CD155 emerge as mechanisms that can weaken immune control or CAR-T function, while GPC3 CAR-NK cells plus enoblituzumab illustrate combination targeting in liver cancer. Binder discovery is shifting toward AI-designed minibinders validated by mRNA or yeast display. The field remains preclinical and spans AML, hepatocellular carcinoma and pediatric solid tumors rather than one settled regimen.
6 papers · 28.6%
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Prostate Cancer Targeting
Androgen-regulated B7-H3 expression is being developed as both a prognostic marker and a therapeutic entry point in prostate cancer. Tissue and gene-expression studies support broad expression and combinatorial treatment strategies, while vobramitamab duocarmazine provides early clinical testing of antibody-drug conjugate therapy. Extracellular-vesicle proteomics is adding biomarker approaches for 177Lu-PSMA-617 response. Whether B7-H3 selection improves outcomes, and how it relates to PSMA-directed treatment, remains open.
5 papers · 23.8%
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ADC Therapy in Solid Tumors
ADC development is moving toward B7-H3-directed treatment of small cell lung cancer and other solid tumors, with expression profiling used to refine target selection. Preclinical work spans patient-derived xenografts, metastasis and the tumor microenvironment, while triple-negative breast cancer motivates combination strategies. The main question is whether strong target expression translates into durable tumor control. Clinical validation remains less mature than the candidate pipeline.
3 papers · 14.3%
Papers
The 21 papers from the last 6 months that study B7 homolog 3 (B7-H3) directly, newest first, by theme and by study type. Study types come from PubMed publication types and MeSH headings.
By theme
Solid Tumor Immunotherapy and Imaging (7)
- A radiopharmaceutical enhances CAR T cells against radio-sensitive and radio-resistant neuroblastoma by tumor sensitization and TME remodeling. Cell reports. Medicine · 23 Jun 2026 PMID 42335901
- B7 homolog 3-targeted CAR-T cells secreting EGFR T-cell engagers for improved control of glioblastoma progression. Molecular biomedicine · 16 Jun 2026 PMID 42301527
- Fluorescence-Guided Surgery of Rhabdomyosarcoma Using a B7-H3 Targeted Antibody-Fluorophore Conjugate. Molecular pharmaceutics · 11 Jun 2026 PMID 42276839
- Development and Preclinical Evaluation of 68Ga-Labeled B7-H3-Specific Bicyclic Peptides as Immuno-PET Tracers for Oncology. Journal of medicinal chemistry · 9 Jun 2026 PMID 42263262
- p40-engineered CAR T-cells targeting CD276 enhance anti-tumor efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer. Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 9 Jun 2026 PMID 42262195
- Dual-modality imaging enables longitudinal biodistribution profiling of intracerebroventricular CAR-T therapy in orthotopic glioma. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2 May 2026 PMID 42068336
- Engineering functionality-optimized fully human B7-H3 CAR T cells for enhanced solid tumor therapy. Cell reports. Medicine · 30 Apr 2026 PMID 42061408
Engineered Cancer Immunotherapy (6)
- Immune checkpoint knockout screen reveals TIGIT-CD155 interaction as a significant modulator of adapter CAR-T cell function in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncoimmunology · 17 Sept 2026 PMID 42750591
- Autocrine Control of CD276 by SPARC in Liver Cancer and Its Contribution to Immune Escape and Resistance to Immunotherapy: Elucidating How SPARC Shapes the Tumor Microenvironment and Undermines the Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibition. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 26 Aug 2026 PMID 42647088
- AI-enabled discovery and biochemical optimization of minibinders targeting cancer cell-surface proteins. Nature communications · 20 Aug 2026 PMID 42624861
- Enhancing machine learning-based binder design with high-throughput screening: A comparison of mRNA and yeast display technologies. Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 10 Jul 2026 PMID 42429042
- GPC3 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-NK cells combined with Enoblituzumab enhance the anti-tumor efficacy against hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 30 Jun 2026 PMID 42378857
- Immunotherapy for pediatric solid tumors: overcoming biological barriers through rational multimodal combinations. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 15 Apr 2026 PMID 41984108
Prostate Cancer Targeting (5)
- Vobramitamab duocarmazine, an anti-B7-H3 antibody-drug conjugate, in patients with advanced solid tumors: Final results of a phase 1 cohort expansion. Cancer · 23 Jul 2026 PMID 42487497
- B7-H3 (CD276) as a candidate therapeutic target in medullary thyroid cancer. Endocrine-related cancer · 2 Jun 2026 PMID 42227355
- Evaluation of Tissue from Patients with Prostate Cancer Identifies B7-H3 as an Androgen-Regulated, Broadly Expressed, Combinatorial Therapeutic Target. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 29 Apr 2026 PMID 42053993
- Plasma extracellular vesicle proteomics nominates candidate biomarkers of 177Lu-PSMA-617 outcomes in metastatic prostate cancer patients. Cell reports. Medicine · 21 Apr 2026 PMID 42013849
- B7-H3 Gene Expression Shapes Prognosis and Therapeutic Opportunities across Patient Groups with Prostate Cancer. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 21 Apr 2026 PMID 42012455
ADC Therapy in Solid Tumors (3)
- Combine antibody-drug conjugate with cmLumiOpto for triple-negative breast cancer treatment. Cell reports. Medicine · 24 Jul 2026 PMID 42497865
- "Outstanding" ADC Candidates Emerge for SCLC, Other Cancers. Cancer discovery · 5 Jun 2026 PMID 42249527
- Comparative analysis of therapeutic target protein expression in de novo and transformed small cell lung carcinomas using paired biopsy samples. Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 21 Apr 2026 PMID 42013561
By study type
Clinical trials (1)
- Vobramitamab duocarmazine, an anti-B7-H3 antibody-drug conjugate, in patients with advanced solid tumors: Final results of a phase 1 cohort expansion. Cancer · 23 Jul 2026 PMID 42487497
Observational studies and case reports (3)
- B7-H3 (CD276) as a candidate therapeutic target in medullary thyroid cancer. Endocrine-related cancer · 2 Jun 2026 PMID 42227355
- Plasma extracellular vesicle proteomics nominates candidate biomarkers of 177Lu-PSMA-617 outcomes in metastatic prostate cancer patients. Cell reports. Medicine · 21 Apr 2026 PMID 42013849
- Comparative analysis of therapeutic target protein expression in de novo and transformed small cell lung carcinomas using paired biopsy samples. Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 21 Apr 2026 PMID 42013561
Human data, design not indexed (4)
- Enhancing machine learning-based binder design with high-throughput screening: A comparison of mRNA and yeast display technologies. Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 10 Jul 2026 PMID 42429042
- "Outstanding" ADC Candidates Emerge for SCLC, Other Cancers. Cancer discovery · 5 Jun 2026 PMID 42249527
- B7-H3 Gene Expression Shapes Prognosis and Therapeutic Opportunities across Patient Groups with Prostate Cancer. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 21 Apr 2026 PMID 42012455
- Immunotherapy for pediatric solid tumors: overcoming biological barriers through rational multimodal combinations. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 15 Apr 2026 PMID 41984108
Preclinical: animal, cell and lab studies (13)
- Immune checkpoint knockout screen reveals TIGIT-CD155 interaction as a significant modulator of adapter CAR-T cell function in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncoimmunology · 17 Sept 2026 PMID 42750591
- Autocrine Control of CD276 by SPARC in Liver Cancer and Its Contribution to Immune Escape and Resistance to Immunotherapy: Elucidating How SPARC Shapes the Tumor Microenvironment and Undermines the Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibition. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 26 Aug 2026 PMID 42647088
- AI-enabled discovery and biochemical optimization of minibinders targeting cancer cell-surface proteins. Nature communications · 20 Aug 2026 PMID 42624861
- Combine antibody-drug conjugate with cmLumiOpto for triple-negative breast cancer treatment. Cell reports. Medicine · 24 Jul 2026 PMID 42497865
- GPC3 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-NK cells combined with Enoblituzumab enhance the anti-tumor efficacy against hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 30 Jun 2026 PMID 42378857
- A radiopharmaceutical enhances CAR T cells against radio-sensitive and radio-resistant neuroblastoma by tumor sensitization and TME remodeling. Cell reports. Medicine · 23 Jun 2026 PMID 42335901
- B7 homolog 3-targeted CAR-T cells secreting EGFR T-cell engagers for improved control of glioblastoma progression. Molecular biomedicine · 16 Jun 2026 PMID 42301527
- Fluorescence-Guided Surgery of Rhabdomyosarcoma Using a B7-H3 Targeted Antibody-Fluorophore Conjugate. Molecular pharmaceutics · 11 Jun 2026 PMID 42276839
- Development and Preclinical Evaluation of 68Ga-Labeled B7-H3-Specific Bicyclic Peptides as Immuno-PET Tracers for Oncology. Journal of medicinal chemistry · 9 Jun 2026 PMID 42263262
- p40-engineered CAR T-cells targeting CD276 enhance anti-tumor efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer. Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 9 Jun 2026 PMID 42262195
- Dual-modality imaging enables longitudinal biodistribution profiling of intracerebroventricular CAR-T therapy in orthotopic glioma. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2 May 2026 PMID 42068336
- Engineering functionality-optimized fully human B7-H3 CAR T cells for enhanced solid tumor therapy. Cell reports. Medicine · 30 Apr 2026 PMID 42061408
- Evaluation of Tissue from Patients with Prostate Cancer Identifies B7-H3 as an Androgen-Regulated, Broadly Expressed, Combinatorial Therapeutic Target. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 29 Apr 2026 PMID 42053993
Written from 21 PubMed abstracts, each one listed by PMID above. Published: 2026-06-14. Last written: 2026-09-19 by GPT. Corrections: 2026-09-26 by GPT. Drafted by language models from published abstracts; not medical advice.