Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a protein enzyme that functions at the entry point of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP).
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a protein enzyme that functions at the entry point of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). The publication contexts provided identify G6PD as a major determinant of NADPH production, with downstream effects on glutathione (GSH) regeneration, reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation. These functions connect G6PD activity to cellular redox balance, tumor-cell survival, ferroptosis, vascular smooth muscle cell behavior, and macrophage–tumor interactions.
G6PD is also a pharmacologically relevant target. Its inhibition has been investigated in malignancies, including pancreatic and lung cancer, and in oxidative vascular disease. Conversely, reduced G6PD activity or G6PD deficiency is clinically relevant to the hemolytic risk associated with high-dose primaquine and tafenoquine. Recent work further examines allosteric inhibition, endogenous metabolic regulators such as itaconic acid, and transcriptional or post-translational mechanisms that alter G6PD activity.
Where the papers sit
9 papers from the last 6 months study glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase directly · updated from PubMed 3 Oct 2026
Study type 0 clinical trials · 2 human data · 6 preclinical · 1 unclassified
Themes 3 themes · 1 new direction
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Redox Control of Chemoresistance
Redox rewiring is being used to explain ferroptosis and treatment failure in cancer, especially pancreatic cancer. LZTFL1 amplifies ferroptosis through NADPH–glutathione metabolism, whereas cancer-associated fibroblast mitophagy rewires pyrimidine metabolism to fuel chemoresistance. Glycyrrhetinic acid and autocrine motility factor converge on G6PD suppression, oxidative stress and drug retention, with gemcitabine-relevant implications. The shared direction is toward targeting tumor–stroma metabolism rather than treating resistance as purely cell-intrinsic.
3 papers · 33.3%
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Itaconate in Lung Cancer
Itaconate is emerging as a metabolic link between macrophages and lung tumors. IRG1-derived itaconate and 4-octyl itaconate inhibit the PPP/G6PD axis, reshaping redox metabolism in both the tumor microenvironment and cancer cells. The work is moving toward manipulating this macrophage–tumor metabolic circuit as a lung-cancer strategy. Whether G6PD inhibition yields durable tumor control without disrupting protective immune functions remains open.
2 papers · 22.2%
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Others — G6PD-Linked Oxidative Stress
G6PD-linked oxidative stress appears in vascular disease and β-cell dysfunction, while separate work maps inhibitor binding. Ang II/high-salt aneurysm formation is reduced by G6PD inhibition, and a lncRNA–miR-24-3p–G6PD axis is implicated in type 1 diabetes. Primaquine and tafenoquine work instead addresses stakeholder perceptions of high-dose antimalarial safety. The cluster shares G6PD relevance but has no single biological or clinical direction.
4 papers · 44.4%
G6PD emerges as a protective β-cell integrity node in type 1 diabetes
In high-glucose MIN6 β-cells and streptozotocin-treated mice, the lncRNA Gm10451/miR-24-3p axis suppressed G6PD and thereby increased oxidative and endoplasmic-reticulum stress, inflammation, β-cell apoptosis, and impaired insulin secretion 42726386Sep. Whereas the other disease models use G6PD inhibition or suppression to increase oxidative injury against tumors or prevent vascular pathology, this study assigns G6PD a protective role in β-cell function: restoring G6PD activity, rather than inhibiting it, becomes the therapeutic implication for diabetes-related β-cell dysfunction.
Papers
The 9 papers from the last 6 months that study glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase directly, newest first, by theme and by study type. Study types come from PubMed publication types and MeSH headings.
By theme
Redox Control of Chemoresistance (3)
- LZTFL1 rewires NADPH-glutathione metabolism to amplify ferroptosis. Molecular cell · 4 Aug 2026 PMID 42551439
- Glycyrrhetinic Acid and Autocrine Motility Factor Converge on G6PD Suppression, Oxidative Stress, and Drug Retention to Impair Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cell Growth. Anticancer research · 29 Jul 2026 PMID 42527054
- Mitophagy-Competent Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Fuel Chemoresistance by Rewiring Pyrimidine Metabolism in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer research · 27 May 2026 PMID 42202065
Itaconate in Lung Cancer (2)
- Jack-of-a-new-trade: Itaconate targets the PPP/G6PD to control lung cancer. Cell metabolism · 7 Jul 2026 PMID 42413476
- IRG1/itaconate rewires macrophage and lung tumor metabolism through G6PD inhibition. Cell metabolism · 3 Jun 2026 PMID 42235511
Others — G6PD-Linked Oxidative Stress (4)
- lncRNA Gm10451 mediates β-cell functional impairment in type 1 diabetes through the miR-24-3p/G6PD axis. Endocrine · 11 Sept 2026 PMID 42726386
- G6PD inhibition prevents abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in mice induced by Ang II plus high salt. Atherosclerosis · 15 Jul 2026 PMID 42456310
- Risk perceptions of high-dose primaquine and tafenoquine among Plasmodium vivax malaria stakeholders in Ethiopia: a qualitative study. BMJ global health · 29 Jun 2026 PMID 42373213
- Mapping the Binding Landscape of Allosteric Inhibitor G6PDi-1 on Human G6PD. The journal of physical chemistry letters · 18 Jun 2026 PMID 42311042
By study type
Human data, design not indexed (2)
- Risk perceptions of high-dose primaquine and tafenoquine among Plasmodium vivax malaria stakeholders in Ethiopia: a qualitative study. BMJ global health · 29 Jun 2026 PMID 42373213
- Mapping the Binding Landscape of Allosteric Inhibitor G6PDi-1 on Human G6PD. The journal of physical chemistry letters · 18 Jun 2026 PMID 42311042
Preclinical: animal, cell and lab studies (6)
- lncRNA Gm10451 mediates β-cell functional impairment in type 1 diabetes through the miR-24-3p/G6PD axis. Endocrine · 11 Sept 2026 PMID 42726386
- LZTFL1 rewires NADPH-glutathione metabolism to amplify ferroptosis. Molecular cell · 4 Aug 2026 PMID 42551439
- Glycyrrhetinic Acid and Autocrine Motility Factor Converge on G6PD Suppression, Oxidative Stress, and Drug Retention to Impair Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cell Growth. Anticancer research · 29 Jul 2026 PMID 42527054
- G6PD inhibition prevents abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in mice induced by Ang II plus high salt. Atherosclerosis · 15 Jul 2026 PMID 42456310
- Jack-of-a-new-trade: Itaconate targets the PPP/G6PD to control lung cancer. Cell metabolism · 7 Jul 2026 PMID 42413476
- Mitophagy-Competent Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Fuel Chemoresistance by Rewiring Pyrimidine Metabolism in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer research · 27 May 2026 PMID 42202065
Unclassified: not yet indexed with MeSH (1)
- IRG1/itaconate rewires macrophage and lung tumor metabolism through G6PD inhibition. Cell metabolism · 3 Jun 2026 PMID 42235511
Written from 9 PubMed abstracts, each one listed by PMID above. Published: 2026-09-05. Last written: 2026-09-13 by GPT. Drafted by language models from published abstracts; not medical advice.