Selenium nanoparticles
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are nanoscale elemental selenium structures, typically ranging from a few to several hundred nanometers in diameter, that have emerged as a versatile platform in biomedical, pharmaceutical, and materials science research.
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are nanoscale elemental selenium structures, typically ranging from a few to several hundred nanometers in diameter, that have emerged as a versatile platform in biomedical, pharmaceutical, and materials science research. Unlike bulk selenium or inorganic selenium salts, SeNPs offer substantially improved biocompatibility and a markedly reduced toxicity profile, making them attractive candidates for therapeutic delivery, antioxidant supplementation, and antimicrobial applications. Selenium is an essential trace element whose biological activity is primarily mediated through selenoproteins—enzymes such as thioredoxin reductase (TrxR1) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) that regulate cellular redox homeostasis and protect against oxidative stress. At the nanoscale, selenium retains and can amplify these antioxidant properties while gaining new surface characteristics that facilitate functionalization, drug loading, and targeted delivery.
The synthesis of SeNPs is achievable through chemical reduction, biogenic (green) methods using plant extracts or microbial agents, and in situ fabrication within polymer matrices. Green synthesis routes, which employ phytochemical reducing and stabilizing agents, have gained particular traction due to their environmental compatibility and the additional bioactive coating they confer on the nanoparticle surface. Once synthesized, SeNPs can be further functionalized with polymers such as sodium alginate, chitosan, or albumin to modulate stability, surface charge, and targeting behavior. Their multifunctional nature—combining antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and drug-delivery capabilities—positions SeNPs at the intersection of several rapidly advancing fields in nanomedicine.
Where the papers sit
11 papers from the last 6 months study selenium nanoparticles directly · updated from PubMed 12 Oct 2026
Study type 0 clinical trials · 1 human data · 9 preclinical · 1 unclassified
Themes 3 themes
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Redox Inflammation and Tissue Protection
Redox control is the shared therapeutic aim, with selenium formulations used to reduce oxidative stress, glutathione disruption, NF-κB signaling and collagen deposition. Approaches extend from antischistosomal treatment and resveratrol co-delivery in silicosis to protection from H2O2, lead toxicity and osteoarthritis-associated mitochondrial damage. The recurring endpoint is reduced inflammatory or tissue injury across diverse models. Mitochondrial restoration and redox-mediated antifibrotic effects support targeted combination platforms, but cross-disease efficacy remains unresolved.
5 papers · 45.5%
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Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity
Plant-extract synthesis is being paired with physicochemical characterization and antimicrobial testing. Activity recurs against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, with particular emphasis on biofilm inhibition. FTIR spectroscopy, surface charge and related measurements are used to connect particle properties with biological effects. The work remains preclinical, seeking reproducible green formulations rather than establishing clinical antimicrobial use.
2 papers · 18.2%
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Others — Selenium Stress Responses
Protective selenium use spans γ-radiation injury, periparturient stress, dialysis membranes and Orobanche damage in chickpea. Molecular work emphasizes HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90 regulation and comparison with sodium selenite, whereas engineering work embeds particles in PLA membranes. The common direction is mitigation of stress or toxicity rather than treatment of one shared disease. Because endpoints range from serum selenium and heat-shock responses to membrane function and plant growth, no unified therapeutic trajectory is established.
4 papers · 36.4%
Papers
The 11 papers from the last 6 months that study selenium nanoparticles directly, newest first, by theme and by study type. Study types come from PubMed publication types and MeSH headings.
By theme
Redox Inflammation and Tissue Protection (5)
- Chondrocyte membrane-camouflaged selenium nanoplatform with dual targeting for mitochondrial restoration and osteoarthritis therapy. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 12 Aug 2026 PMID 42586485
- Selenium Nanoparticles Inhibited H2O2-Induced Endothelial Cell Dysfunction by Alleviating Oxidative Stress. Biological trace element research · 27 Jun 2026 PMID 42364050
- Nano-selenium mitigates lead nanoparticle-induced hеpatonеural toxicity and growth performance in quails: Oxidative stress, neurotransmitter and anti-inflammatory response modulation. Tissue & cell · 29 May 2026 PMID 42214261
- Selenium nanoparticle-enhanced resveratrol suppresses pulmonary inflammation and fibrogenesis in silicosis via redox-mediated inflammatory pathway modulation. Inflammopharmacology · 20 May 2026 PMID 42159899
- Biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles as a promising antischistosomal agent: modulation of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines in mice. International immunopharmacology · 9 May 2026 PMID 42105711
Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity (2)
- Facile green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles using olive (Olea europaea) leaf extract and their antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties. Scientific reports · 16 May 2026 PMID 42143081
- Phytochemical-mediated green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles using Catharanthus roseus and their physicochemical characterization, biological evaluation, and molecular docking analysis. Scientific reports · 28 Apr 2026 PMID 42049942
Others — Selenium Stress Responses (4)
- Transcriptional Regulation of HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 in Response to Selenium Nanoparticles and Sodium Selenite in Periparturient Cloned Saanen Goats and Their Offspring. Veterinary medicine and science · 29 Jul 2026 PMID 42525456
- Radio-Protective Effects of Selenium Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Aqueous Extract of Rhodiola on Mice Irradiated by 60Co γ-Rays. ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 23 Jun 2026 PMID 42335449
- Harnessing selenium nanoparticles to mitigate the harmful impact of Orobanche aegyptiaca on growth and metabolic activity in Cicer arietinum. Journal of the science of food and agriculture · 26 May 2026 PMID 42186171
- In situ engineered selenium nanoparticles enable multifunctional PLA mixed matrix membranes with potential for hemodialysis. Journal of materials chemistry. B · 7 May 2026 PMID 42093444
By study type
Human data, design not indexed (1)
- Phytochemical-mediated green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles using Catharanthus roseus and their physicochemical characterization, biological evaluation, and molecular docking analysis. Scientific reports · 28 Apr 2026 PMID 42049942
Preclinical: animal, cell and lab studies (9)
- Chondrocyte membrane-camouflaged selenium nanoplatform with dual targeting for mitochondrial restoration and osteoarthritis therapy. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 12 Aug 2026 PMID 42586485
- Transcriptional Regulation of HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 in Response to Selenium Nanoparticles and Sodium Selenite in Periparturient Cloned Saanen Goats and Their Offspring. Veterinary medicine and science · 29 Jul 2026 PMID 42525456
- Selenium Nanoparticles Inhibited H2O2-Induced Endothelial Cell Dysfunction by Alleviating Oxidative Stress. Biological trace element research · 27 Jun 2026 PMID 42364050
- Radio-Protective Effects of Selenium Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Aqueous Extract of Rhodiola on Mice Irradiated by 60Co γ-Rays. ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 23 Jun 2026 PMID 42335449
- Nano-selenium mitigates lead nanoparticle-induced hеpatonеural toxicity and growth performance in quails: Oxidative stress, neurotransmitter and anti-inflammatory response modulation. Tissue & cell · 29 May 2026 PMID 42214261
- Harnessing selenium nanoparticles to mitigate the harmful impact of Orobanche aegyptiaca on growth and metabolic activity in Cicer arietinum. Journal of the science of food and agriculture · 26 May 2026 PMID 42186171
- Facile green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles using olive (Olea europaea) leaf extract and their antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties. Scientific reports · 16 May 2026 PMID 42143081
- Biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles as a promising antischistosomal agent: modulation of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines in mice. International immunopharmacology · 9 May 2026 PMID 42105711
- In situ engineered selenium nanoparticles enable multifunctional PLA mixed matrix membranes with potential for hemodialysis. Journal of materials chemistry. B · 7 May 2026 PMID 42093444
Unclassified: not yet indexed with MeSH (1)
- Selenium nanoparticle-enhanced resveratrol suppresses pulmonary inflammation and fibrogenesis in silicosis via redox-mediated inflammatory pathway modulation. Inflammopharmacology · 20 May 2026 PMID 42159899
Written from 11 PubMed abstracts, each one listed by PMID above. Published: 2026-06-14. Last written: 2026-08-27 by GPT. Drafted by language models from published abstracts; not medical advice.