Neuroinflammation
Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory process involving the nervous system and is studied in relation to interactions among microglia, astrocytes, neurons, and inflammatory signaling.
Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory process involving the nervous system and is studied in relation to interactions among microglia, astrocytes, neurons, and inflammatory signaling. The provided literature connects it with proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, apoptosis, and changes in neuronal function. These processes are examined in conditions including Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, ischemic and hypoxic–ischemic brain injury, hepatic and diabetic encephalopathy, insomnia, cognitive impairment, and sensory hypersensitivity.
In the cited studies, neuroinflammation serves both as a biological process associated with tissue injury and as a therapeutic target. Investigational approaches include plant-derived compounds and traditional formulations, metabolic and signaling modulators such as apelin-13 and AMPK-related interventions, microbiota and tryptophan-metabolism regulation, mitochondrial-targeted compounds, extracellular-vesicle drug delivery, antimicrobial-releasing neural implants, and combinations directed at inflammatory pathways. The recent work extends the literature’s emphasis on oxidative stress and microglial activation, inflammation-linked cognitive dysfunction, and drug delivery for brain inflammation.
Where the papers sit
9 papers from the last 6 months study neuroinflammation directly · updated from PubMed 2 Nov 2026
Study type 0 clinical trials · 9 preclinical
Themes one subject
Those 9 are all about one subject.
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Preclinical Neuroinflammation Therapies
Natural compounds, extracellular vesicles, and engineered drug-delivery systems are being tested as treatments for neuroinflammation across neurological and metabolic disease models. Reported benefits involve inflammasomes, astrocyte chemokine signaling, ERK/MAPK, mitochondrial dysfunction, gut microbiota, and tryptophan metabolism. Cognitive and neurological outcomes improve alongside reduced inflammatory markers, but evidence remains largely preclinical. The field is moving toward multi-target interventions rather than single inflammatory pathways.
Papers
The 9 papers from the last 6 months that study neuroinflammation directly, newest first, by theme and by study type. Study types come from PubMed publication types and MeSH headings.
By theme
Preclinical Neuroinflammation Therapies (9)
- Oral Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Promising Drug Delivery System for Neuroinflammatory Diseases. ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 3 Sept 2026 PMID 42690904
- Berberine and lactulose combination therapy attenuates neuroinflammation and hepatic injury in thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats. Metabolic brain disease · 19 Aug 2026 PMID 42616213
- Hesperidin attenuates aluminum chloride-induced cognitive impairment by modulating ERK/MAPK Signaling, tau protein immunoexpression, neuroinflammation, and microglial activation in mice. Metabolic brain disease · 18 Aug 2026 PMID 42611390
- Morin, a bioflavonoid from a traditional medicinal plant, attenuates inflammasome-associated neuroinflammation in drug-resistant epilepsy. European journal of pharmacology · 17 Aug 2026 PMID 42607854
- Spatial proteomic analysis of antimicrobial therapeutic-releasing intracortical probes as a platform technology to modulate specific neuroinflammatory pathways. Journal of materials chemistry. B · 27 Jul 2026 PMID 42504606
- Apelin-13 ameliorates hypoxic-ischemic brain damage and improves neurological function in neonatal rats by attenuating neuroinflammation via AMPK activation. International immunopharmacology · 24 Jun 2026 PMID 42341638
- Lycium ruthenicum Murray anthocyanins alleviate neuroinflammation in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease by modulating gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism. International immunopharmacology · 20 Jun 2026 PMID 42322853
- Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a multi-layer-linked idebenone derivative targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation for ischemic stroke. Bioorganic chemistry · 18 Jun 2026 PMID 42314599
- Wumei Pill ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in diabetic encephalopathy via inhibiting astrocyte-derived chemokine-receptor mediated neuroinflammation. Journal of ethnopharmacology · 9 May 2026 PMID 42106017
By study type
Preclinical: animal, cell and lab studies (9)
- Oral Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Promising Drug Delivery System for Neuroinflammatory Diseases. ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 3 Sept 2026 PMID 42690904
- Berberine and lactulose combination therapy attenuates neuroinflammation and hepatic injury in thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats. Metabolic brain disease · 19 Aug 2026 PMID 42616213
- Hesperidin attenuates aluminum chloride-induced cognitive impairment by modulating ERK/MAPK Signaling, tau protein immunoexpression, neuroinflammation, and microglial activation in mice. Metabolic brain disease · 18 Aug 2026 PMID 42611390
- Morin, a bioflavonoid from a traditional medicinal plant, attenuates inflammasome-associated neuroinflammation in drug-resistant epilepsy. European journal of pharmacology · 17 Aug 2026 PMID 42607854
- Spatial proteomic analysis of antimicrobial therapeutic-releasing intracortical probes as a platform technology to modulate specific neuroinflammatory pathways. Journal of materials chemistry. B · 27 Jul 2026 PMID 42504606
- Apelin-13 ameliorates hypoxic-ischemic brain damage and improves neurological function in neonatal rats by attenuating neuroinflammation via AMPK activation. International immunopharmacology · 24 Jun 2026 PMID 42341638
- Lycium ruthenicum Murray anthocyanins alleviate neuroinflammation in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease by modulating gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism. International immunopharmacology · 20 Jun 2026 PMID 42322853
- Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a multi-layer-linked idebenone derivative targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation for ischemic stroke. Bioorganic chemistry · 18 Jun 2026 PMID 42314599
- Wumei Pill ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in diabetic encephalopathy via inhibiting astrocyte-derived chemokine-receptor mediated neuroinflammation. Journal of ethnopharmacology · 9 May 2026 PMID 42106017
Written from 9 PubMed abstracts, each one listed by PMID above. Published: 2026-09-16. Drafted by language models from published abstracts; not medical advice.