Uric acid
Uric acid is a nitrogen-containing end product of purine metabolism in humans and other primates.
Uric acid is a nitrogen-containing end product of purine metabolism in humans and other primates. It is produced primarily in the liver and circulates in blood as urate, the ionized form that predominates at physiological pH. Because humans lack uricase, uric acid is not further degraded to allantoin, making its balance dependent on production, renal excretion, and intestinal elimination. Clinically, uric acid is best known for its role in hyperuricemia and gout, but it is also widely studied as a biomarker of renal function, metabolic status, inflammation, and cardiometabolic risk.
Biologically, uric acid is relevant to multiple organ systems because its concentration reflects both purine turnover and excretory capacity. In the kidney, altered handling of uric acid is closely linked to glomerular filtration rate and tubular transport processes, while in systemic disease it may associate with inflammatory signaling and metabolic dysregulation. Recent research has also used uric acid as an analytical target in biosensing platforms and as a clinical marker in studies of renal disease, sleep-disordered breathing, and hyperuricemia-related complications.
Where the papers sit
13 papers from the last 6 months study uric acid directly · updated from PubMed 7 Oct 2026
Study type 0 clinical trials · 2 observational · 5 human data · 4 preclinical · 2 unclassified
Themes 3 themes · 1 new direction
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Clinical Uric Acid Assessment
Uric acid ratios are being tested as accessible markers for Parkinson’s disease, protein-energy wasting, and severe obstructive sleep apnea. The studies emphasize associations with oxidative inflammation, intact parathyroid hormone, hypertension, diabetes, and blood-cell indices rather than causal effects. In parallel, digital twins and high-throughput mass spectrometry aim to make uric acid prediction or measurement more personalized and scalable. Evidence remains heterogeneous, with clinical utility still needing prospective validation.
5 papers · 38.5%
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Gut Microbiota and Obesity
Hyperuricemia is being linked to gut microbial remodeling, increased dietary lipid absorption, and obesity through liver–gut signaling. Microbiota and metabolomic changes recur alongside altered short-chain fatty acid metabolism. The work is moving toward mechanistic links between uric acid, intestinal nutrient handling, and systemic inflammation. Gut–pancreas dysregulation and CNR1 signaling extend this framework beyond obesity to acute pancreatitis.
4 papers · 30.8%
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Nanomaterial Uric Acid Biosensors
Uric acid detection is moving toward ultrasensitive, selective platforms built from magnetic nanoparticles, quantum dots, graphene, and plasmonic metal-organic frameworks. Chemiluminescent, electrochemical, SERS, and fluorescent designs target low detection limits in solution or urinary samples. Several platforms support multiplexing with glucose or cholesterol, while non-enzymatic sensing seeks greater stability. Selectivity, practical sample testing, and translation beyond proof-of-concept remain open challenges.
4 papers · 30.8%
Uric acid is identified as an endocrine driver of obesity rather than merely its consequence or biomarker
The liver-gut endocrine-axis study of obesity found that uric acid remodels gut microbiota by depleting Lactobacillus johnsonii, reducing phenyllactic acid and releasing intestinal PPARα signaling that increases fatty-acid transport and dietary lipid absorption 42235504Jun. This assigns uric acid a causal endocrine role in obesity outside the set’s usual biomarker, disease-association, or hyperuricaemia-treatment categories, and identifies hepatic TIP60 inhibition as a possible intervention targeting both uric acid production and obesity.
Papers
The 13 papers from the last 6 months that study uric acid directly, newest first, by theme and by study type. Study types come from PubMed publication types and MeSH headings.
By theme
Clinical Uric Acid Assessment (5)
- A novel oxidative-inflammatory biomarker for Parkinson's disease: clinical utility of the uric acid-to-albumin ratio. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 6 Oct 2026 PMID 42839150
- Association of uric acid and red blood cell distribution width with severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in middle-aged males. PloS one · 17 Jul 2026 PMID 42467610
- Predictive value of the uric acid to high-density cholesterol ratio (UHR) combined with intact parathyroid hormone for protein-energy wasting after incident hemodialysis: a multicenter study. Renal failure · 17 Jul 2026 PMID 42464731
- Smart contact lens-trained digital twin for device-free personalized uric acid prediction. Science advances · 24 Jun 2026 PMID 42341126
- 3D-printed target plates for high-throughput ambient mass spectrometry analysis of nanoliter biofluids. Analytica chimica acta · 13 May 2026 PMID 42128552
Gut Microbiota and Obesity (4)
- Uric acid remodels gut microbiota to fuel obesity. Cell host & microbe · 12 Aug 2026 PMID 42586044
- Paecilomyces cicadae-fermented Radix astragali modulates short-chain fatty acids metabolism in the intestine through gut microbiota and ameliorates hyperuricaemia. British journal of pharmacology · 22 Jul 2026 PMID 42484510
- Hyperuricemia aggravates acute pancreatitis through CNR1-mediated inflammatory signaling and gut-pancreas axis dysregulation: a multi-omics and clinical study. Scientific reports · 4 Jun 2026 PMID 42243316
- Uric acid promotes dietary lipid absorption through microbiome and metabolomic remodeling via a liver-gut endocrine axis. Cell host & microbe · 3 Jun 2026 PMID 42235504
Nanomaterial Uric Acid Biosensors (4)
- Energy level engineering of graphene-functional graphene quantum dot for highly sensitive and selective electrochemical detection of uric acid in human sweat. Mikrochimica acta · 11 Aug 2026 PMID 42579180
- Chemiluminescence functionalized magnetic nanoparticles-based biosensor for sensitive detection of glucose, uric acid, and cholesterol. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2 Jul 2026 PMID 42393242
- ZIF-8 based on plasmonic metal organic framework hybrid gold nanoparticles for ultra-sensitive and multi-channel SERS detection of urinary metabolites. Mikrochimica acta · 12 May 2026 PMID 42120743
- Design and green synthesis of naphthalimide-based organic molecule for non-enzymatic detection of uric acid in solid and solution state: From molecule to prototype kit. Bioorganic chemistry · 22 Apr 2026 PMID 42019411
By study type
Observational studies and case reports (2)
- Association of uric acid and red blood cell distribution width with severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in middle-aged males. PloS one · 17 Jul 2026 PMID 42467610
- Predictive value of the uric acid to high-density cholesterol ratio (UHR) combined with intact parathyroid hormone for protein-energy wasting after incident hemodialysis: a multicenter study. Renal failure · 17 Jul 2026 PMID 42464731
Human data, design not indexed (5)
- A novel oxidative-inflammatory biomarker for Parkinson's disease: clinical utility of the uric acid-to-albumin ratio. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 6 Oct 2026 PMID 42839150
- Energy level engineering of graphene-functional graphene quantum dot for highly sensitive and selective electrochemical detection of uric acid in human sweat. Mikrochimica acta · 11 Aug 2026 PMID 42579180
- Chemiluminescence functionalized magnetic nanoparticles-based biosensor for sensitive detection of glucose, uric acid, and cholesterol. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2 Jul 2026 PMID 42393242
- ZIF-8 based on plasmonic metal organic framework hybrid gold nanoparticles for ultra-sensitive and multi-channel SERS detection of urinary metabolites. Mikrochimica acta · 12 May 2026 PMID 42120743
- Design and green synthesis of naphthalimide-based organic molecule for non-enzymatic detection of uric acid in solid and solution state: From molecule to prototype kit. Bioorganic chemistry · 22 Apr 2026 PMID 42019411
Preclinical: animal, cell and lab studies (4)
- Uric acid remodels gut microbiota to fuel obesity. Cell host & microbe · 12 Aug 2026 PMID 42586044
- Smart contact lens-trained digital twin for device-free personalized uric acid prediction. Science advances · 24 Jun 2026 PMID 42341126
- Uric acid promotes dietary lipid absorption through microbiome and metabolomic remodeling via a liver-gut endocrine axis. Cell host & microbe · 3 Jun 2026 PMID 42235504
- 3D-printed target plates for high-throughput ambient mass spectrometry analysis of nanoliter biofluids. Analytica chimica acta · 13 May 2026 PMID 42128552
Unclassified: not yet indexed with MeSH (2)
- Paecilomyces cicadae-fermented Radix astragali modulates short-chain fatty acids metabolism in the intestine through gut microbiota and ameliorates hyperuricaemia. British journal of pharmacology · 22 Jul 2026 PMID 42484510
- Hyperuricemia aggravates acute pancreatitis through CNR1-mediated inflammatory signaling and gut-pancreas axis dysregulation: a multi-omics and clinical study. Scientific reports · 4 Jun 2026 PMID 42243316
Written from 13 PubMed abstracts, each one listed by PMID above. Published: 2026-07-23. Last written: 2026-08-26 by GPT. Drafted by language models from published abstracts; not medical advice.