Interleukin 10
Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine encoded by the IL10 gene.
Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine encoded by the IL10 gene. It is produced by several immune-cell populations, including regulatory T cells, monocytes and macrophages, dendritic cells, and activated lymphocytes. IL-10 helps limit excessive immune activation and tissue injury by suppressing the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and by reducing inflammatory antigen-presentation and macrophage activation.
IL-10 signals through the interleukin-10 receptor, a receptor complex that activates Janus kinase and STAT3-dependent transcription. Through this pathway, IL-10 can restrain inflammatory responses, neuroinflammation, and cytokine-driven tissue damage. Its activity is closely related to the balance between proinflammatory mediators, including interferon gamma, Interleukin-12 (IL-12), and Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and regulatory pathways involving Interleukin-4 (IL-4), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and regulatory T cell responses. IL-10 also intersects with processes involving oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, and tissue repair. Because of these properties, IL-10 is studied as both a biomarker and a potential immunomodulatory target in injury, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and biomaterial-associated inflammation.
Where the papers sit
11 papers from the last 6 months study interleukin 10 directly · updated from PubMed 16 Oct 2026
Study type 0 clinical trials · 1 observational · 3 human data · 6 preclinical · 1 unclassified
Themes 3 themes
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Cytokine Immune Disease Research
Cytokine profiling and immune signatures are being used to connect IL-10 and IL-6 with disease activity, prognosis and treatment opportunities. Plasma and cerebrospinal-fluid measurements address cancer and idiopathic intracranial hypertension, while melanoma signatures emphasize angiogenesis and immune regulation. Engineered IL-10-overexpressing MSCs and IL-10+VEGF-α+ neutrophils extend this work toward inflammatory bowel disease and neuroprotection. The evidence remains disease-specific rather than convergent.
6 papers · 54.5%
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Targeted IL-10 Immunotherapy
Cell-based and mRNA delivery strategies are moving IL-10 toward localized treatment of inflammation and tissue injury. Regulatory B cells target myeloid cells to reverse central nervous system autoimmunity. Pancreas-specific lipid nanoparticles alleviate acute pancreatitis, while cytokine-producing implants reduce foreign-body responses. Translation across rodents and nonhuman primates remains an important test.
3 papers · 27.3%
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Phytochemical Mechanisms in Disease
Network pharmacology and molecular docking are being used to predict how plant-derived compounds engage IL-10-linked inflammatory pathways. Panax notoginseng injection is being investigated for skin-wound repair, with fibroblast proliferation and Tnf among recurring mechanisms. Zanthoxylum nitidum phytochemicals are instead mapped to hepatocellular carcinoma targets. Experimental validation remains necessary to distinguish computationally plausible targets from therapeutic effects.
2 papers · 18.2%
Papers
The 11 papers from the last 6 months that study interleukin 10 directly, newest first, by theme and by study type. Study types come from PubMed publication types and MeSH headings.
By theme
Cytokine Immune Disease Research (6)
- Cytokines and chemokines in plasma as markers reflecting immunophenotype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Human cell · 2 Sept 2026 PMID 42684559
- Engineering IL-10-Overexpressing MSCs via a Non-Viral PEG-PEI Nanoplatform for Potent Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. ACS applied bio materials · 10 Aug 2026 PMID 42575082
- Vasoactive intestinal peptide associated 8-gene signature with prognostic and immune associations in melanoma. Medicine · 30 May 2026 PMID 42216340
- Cytokine levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Brain research · 29 May 2026 PMID 42214536
- Identification of diagnostic and therapeutic roles of programmed cell death-related proteins in dilated cardiomyopathy: a multi-omics and experimental validation study. Scientific reports · 18 May 2026 PMID 42151293
- Skull bone marrow-derived IL-10+VEGF-α+neutrophils exert neuroprotective effects in aged TBI. International immunopharmacology · 18 May 2026 PMID 42150286
Targeted IL-10 Immunotherapy (3)
- Induced regulatory B cells stably expressing interleukin-10 reverse central nervous system autoimmunity by targeting myeloid cells. Immunity · 6 Oct 2026 PMID 42838057
- Localized immunomodulation with cytokine-producing cells to mitigate foreign body responses in rodents and a nonhuman primate. Science advances · 5 Aug 2026 PMID 42555743
- Pancreas-specific lipid nanoparticle-mediated interleukin-10 mRNA delivery ameliorates acute pancreatitis. Journal of materials chemistry. B · 3 Aug 2026 PMID 42544423
Phytochemical Mechanisms in Disease (2)
- Exploring the mechanism of Panax notoginseng injection in the treatment of skin wound based on network pharmacology and experimental verification. Journal of molecular histology · 4 Sept 2026 PMID 42696214
- Molecular mechanisms of phytochemicals from Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC. against hepatocellular carcinoma: insights from network pharmacology, molecular docking, and bioinformatics. Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology · 24 Jul 2026 PMID 42498300
By study type
Observational studies and case reports (1)
- Cytokine levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Brain research · 29 May 2026 PMID 42214536
Human data, design not indexed (3)
- Cytokines and chemokines in plasma as markers reflecting immunophenotype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Human cell · 2 Sept 2026 PMID 42684559
- Molecular mechanisms of phytochemicals from Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC. against hepatocellular carcinoma: insights from network pharmacology, molecular docking, and bioinformatics. Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology · 24 Jul 2026 PMID 42498300
- Vasoactive intestinal peptide associated 8-gene signature with prognostic and immune associations in melanoma. Medicine · 30 May 2026 PMID 42216340
Preclinical: animal, cell and lab studies (6)
- Induced regulatory B cells stably expressing interleukin-10 reverse central nervous system autoimmunity by targeting myeloid cells. Immunity · 6 Oct 2026 PMID 42838057
- Exploring the mechanism of Panax notoginseng injection in the treatment of skin wound based on network pharmacology and experimental verification. Journal of molecular histology · 4 Sept 2026 PMID 42696214
- Engineering IL-10-Overexpressing MSCs via a Non-Viral PEG-PEI Nanoplatform for Potent Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. ACS applied bio materials · 10 Aug 2026 PMID 42575082
- Localized immunomodulation with cytokine-producing cells to mitigate foreign body responses in rodents and a nonhuman primate. Science advances · 5 Aug 2026 PMID 42555743
- Pancreas-specific lipid nanoparticle-mediated interleukin-10 mRNA delivery ameliorates acute pancreatitis. Journal of materials chemistry. B · 3 Aug 2026 PMID 42544423
- Skull bone marrow-derived IL-10+VEGF-α+neutrophils exert neuroprotective effects in aged TBI. International immunopharmacology · 18 May 2026 PMID 42150286
Unclassified: not yet indexed with MeSH (1)
- Identification of diagnostic and therapeutic roles of programmed cell death-related proteins in dilated cardiomyopathy: a multi-omics and experimental validation study. Scientific reports · 18 May 2026 PMID 42151293
Written from 11 PubMed abstracts, each one listed by PMID above. Published: 2026-08-20. Drafted by language models from published abstracts; not medical advice.