Human papilloma virus
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a group of small, non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses of the family Papillomaviridae, comprising more than 200 genotypes that infect cutaneous and mucosal squamous epithelium.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a group of small, non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses of the family Papillomaviridae, comprising more than 200 genotypes that infect cutaneous and mucosal squamous epithelium. Roughly 40 types are transmitted through sexual contact, and genital HPV infection is among the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. Most infections are transient and cleared by the host immune response; it is persistent infection with a high-risk type that carries disease risk. Low-risk types such as HPV 6 and 11 cause benign warts, while high-risk types — chiefly HPV 16 and HPV 18 — account for the majority of HPV-attributable cancers.
HPV replicates in differentiating squamous epithelium, and its oncogenic potential rests on the viral E6 and E7 proteins, which inactivate the tumor suppressors TP53 and retinoblastoma protein and drive unscheduled cell cycle entry and genomic instability. Integration of viral DNA into the host genome, with loss of the E2 regulatory gene, deregulates E6 and E7 expression and contributes to malignant transformation. Persistent high-risk infection is the necessary cause of essentially all cervical cancer and a substantial share of anal, vulvar, vaginal, penile, and oropharyngeal cancers, placing HPV alongside oncogenic infections such as hepatitis B virus and Helicobacter pylori as a preventable contributor to the global cancer burden. Prophylactic HPV vaccine, including quadrivalent and later multivalent formulations, elicits neutralizing antibodies against the L1 capsid protein and prevents incident infection with the targeted types; together with cervical screening based on high-risk HPV DNA detection, it forms the basis of current cervical cancer prevention. Because vaccine uptake varies widely across countries and populations, much current research addresses real-world effectiveness in adult women, coverage among groups at elevated risk of sexually transmitted infection, and the behavioral and sociocultural determinants of vaccination in low- and middle-income settings.
Where the papers sit
26 papers from the last 6 months study human papilloma virus directly · updated from PubMed 6 Oct 2026
Study type 1 clinical trial · 8 observational · 15 human data · 1 preclinical · 1 unclassified
Themes 4 themes · 1 new direction
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HPV Vaccination Uptake and Policy
HPV vaccination is shifting from guideline design toward broader, more equitable delivery and measurable population benefit. Studies repeatedly examine uptake barriers involving childhood adversity, age of sexual debut, consent laws and access for unvaccinated students. Policy models quantify return on investment, while real-world data test protection against high-risk HPV DNA in adult women. A few studies extend the topic to HPV-related cancer biomarkers and candidate antiviral compounds.
9 papers · 34.6%
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Vaccine Uptake and Formulation
Vaccine programs are being treated as both an access problem and a product-design problem. HPV uptake studies focus on hesitancy, social-media effects, migrant and LGBTQIA+ access, and non-uptake among adolescent girls. Parallel formulation work seeks stronger potency through mRNA lipid nanoparticles and chitosan-based assays. The cluster supports integrated delivery and manufacturing improvements, but it does not establish one dominant intervention.
8 papers · 30.8%
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HPV Vaccination and Cancer Prevention
HPV vaccination is framed as a cancer-prevention investment, with modeling used to compare costs and population benefit. The quadrivalent vaccine targeting types 6, 11, 16 and 18 remains central, alongside screening and broader prevention strategies. Knowledge and willingness among young women recur as practical determinants of coverage. The evidence points toward pairing vaccination with education and screening rather than relying on any single measure.
3 papers · 11.5%
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Others — HPV Monitoring and Prevention
Cervical cancer work pairs post-treatment HPV detection with recurrence assessment, while prevention research targets vaccination acceptance and L2-based immunity. AAV2-like particles are being explored as alternative immunogens, and wastewater metagenomics extends surveillance beyond clinics. Findings also question the reliability of tumor microbiota signals across contexts. The topics share HPV monitoring and prevention but do not form a single research direction.
6 papers · 23.1%
Wastewater metagenomics makes HPV an environmental population-surveillance signal
The wastewater metagenomics study of oncogenic viruses found HPV-associated viral signals across wastewater samples from 16 Texas cities and tracked their abundance over three years, rather than treating HPV only as an infection, cancer-associated factor, vaccine target, or therapeutic target 42126240May. This extends HPV research into environmental surveillance: wastewater can serve as a population-level source for monitoring the presence and temporal patterns of oncogenic HPV signals.
Papers
The 26 papers from the last 6 months that study human papilloma virus directly, newest first, by theme and by study type. Study types come from PubMed publication types and MeSH headings.
By theme
HPV Vaccination Uptake and Policy (9)
- Societal and fiscal gains from HPV vaccination in Poland - return on investment from extending access to HPV vaccination. Journal of medical economics · 10 Sept 2026 PMID 42717549
- A Comparative Policy Analysis of HPV Vaccination Guidelines: Actors, Context, Content, and Process Across Eight Countries. Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing · 31 Aug 2026 PMID 42670010
- Real-world effectiveness of HPV vaccination against high-risk type HPV DNA positivity among adult women aged 18 - 45years in China: A matched test-negative design study. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 10 Jul 2026 PMID 42429434
- Associations between childhood adversity and human papillomavirus vaccination in Australian women: a cross-sectional study. Vaccine · 17 May 2026 PMID 42143954
- Strategies to increase HPV vaccination among unvaccinated college students in the USA: a concept mapping study. BMJ open · 13 May 2026 PMID 42128504
- HPV vaccine and age of sexual debut of adolescents: A nationwide cross-sectional study. Vaccine · 9 May 2026 PMID 42105393
- Biomarkers for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma and the role of HPV: Multi‑omics approaches and current evidence (Review). International journal of oncology · 24 Apr 2026 PMID 42028731
- State minor consent laws and human papilloma virus vaccine uptake: An analysis of the 2023 National Immunization Survey-Teen Data. Vaccine · 22 Apr 2026 PMID 42019130
- Design, synthesis, and anti-HPV activity evaluation of neocryptolepine derivatives with boronic acid modification. European journal of medicinal chemistry · 16 Apr 2026 PMID 41990616
Vaccine Uptake and Formulation (8)
- Microfluidics-mediated spatial control of mRNA lipid nanoparticles primes translation and enhances vaccine potency. Nature biomedical engineering · 22 Sept 2026 PMID 42773168
- The use of the enzyme chitosanase to enable vaccine potency determination in a formulation containing the adjuvant chitosan. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 15 Aug 2026 PMID 42603690
- Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding vaccinations among LGBTQIA+ community in Italy. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 25 Jun 2026 PMID 42348835
- Self-reported vaccine uptake across six infectious diseases among gay, bisexual, transgender, and non-binary individuals in Australia: findings from a 2024 national survey. Sexual health · 31 May 2026 PMID 42219251
- Catch-up and life-course vaccination policies for adult and adolescent migrants in low-and-middle income countries: A policy analysis. Vaccine · 22 May 2026 PMID 42172819
- Determinants of human papillomavirus vaccine non-uptake among adolescent girls in Ethiopia: evidence from National Immunization Survey. BMJ open · 21 May 2026 PMID 42167948
- Vaccination-Related Applications and Health Care Professionals' Observed Changes in Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Hesitancy: Cross-Sectional Survey. JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 14 May 2026 PMID 42133976
- Interplay between vaccine-related informational milestones, social media discourse, and vaccine administration rates for human papillomavirus and measles/mumps/rubella vaccines in the United States. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 11 May 2026 PMID 42113956
HPV Vaccination and Cancer Prevention (3)
- Global Cancer Prevention: Current Approaches and Future Directions. American Society of Clinical Oncology educational book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting · 26 May 2026 PMID 42190157
- Knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine and its association with vaccination willingness among female undergraduates: A comparative cross-sectional study between healthcare and non-healthcare majors in Chengdu, China. PloS one · 26 May 2026 PMID 42189795
- Cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus vaccination in Jordan: A modelling study. Vaccine · 3 May 2026 PMID 42070373
Others — HPV Monitoring and Prevention (6)
- Factors impacting protective immunity conferred by vaccination with adeno-associated virus-like particles displaying human papillomavirus L2 residues 17-36. Journal of virology · 21 Aug 2026 PMID 42627231
- Serum human papilloma virus detection following treatment of cervical cancer: prevalence and its correlation with recurrence. Cancer causes & control : CCC · 25 Jun 2026 PMID 42347892
- From global to local: Developing a context-specific BeSD-HPV tool through cultural and linguistic adaptation in Pakistan. PloS one · 15 Jun 2026 PMID 42296125
- Detection, persistence, and rising prevalence of oncogenic viruses revealed by wastewater metagenomics. Applied and environmental microbiology · 13 May 2026 PMID 42126240
- Prevalence and determinants of parental refusal of human papillomavirus vaccination in Morocco: A multicenter cross-sectional study. PloS one · 6 May 2026 PMID 42090367
- Systematic evaluation of TCGA tumor microbiota reveals context-dependent reliability. mSystems · 22 Apr 2026 PMID 42017663
By study type
Clinical trials (1)
- Factors impacting protective immunity conferred by vaccination with adeno-associated virus-like particles displaying human papillomavirus L2 residues 17-36. Journal of virology · 21 Aug 2026 PMID 42627231
Observational studies and case reports (8)
- Serum human papilloma virus detection following treatment of cervical cancer: prevalence and its correlation with recurrence. Cancer causes & control : CCC · 25 Jun 2026 PMID 42347892
- Knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine and its association with vaccination willingness among female undergraduates: A comparative cross-sectional study between healthcare and non-healthcare majors in Chengdu, China. PloS one · 26 May 2026 PMID 42189795
- Determinants of human papillomavirus vaccine non-uptake among adolescent girls in Ethiopia: evidence from National Immunization Survey. BMJ open · 21 May 2026 PMID 42167948
- Associations between childhood adversity and human papillomavirus vaccination in Australian women: a cross-sectional study. Vaccine · 17 May 2026 PMID 42143954
- Vaccination-Related Applications and Health Care Professionals' Observed Changes in Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Hesitancy: Cross-Sectional Survey. JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 14 May 2026 PMID 42133976
- Interplay between vaccine-related informational milestones, social media discourse, and vaccine administration rates for human papillomavirus and measles/mumps/rubella vaccines in the United States. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 11 May 2026 PMID 42113956
- HPV vaccine and age of sexual debut of adolescents: A nationwide cross-sectional study. Vaccine · 9 May 2026 PMID 42105393
- Prevalence and determinants of parental refusal of human papillomavirus vaccination in Morocco: A multicenter cross-sectional study. PloS one · 6 May 2026 PMID 42090367
Human data, design not indexed (15)
- Societal and fiscal gains from HPV vaccination in Poland - return on investment from extending access to HPV vaccination. Journal of medical economics · 10 Sept 2026 PMID 42717549
- A Comparative Policy Analysis of HPV Vaccination Guidelines: Actors, Context, Content, and Process Across Eight Countries. Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing · 31 Aug 2026 PMID 42670010
- The use of the enzyme chitosanase to enable vaccine potency determination in a formulation containing the adjuvant chitosan. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 15 Aug 2026 PMID 42603690
- Real-world effectiveness of HPV vaccination against high-risk type HPV DNA positivity among adult women aged 18 - 45years in China: A matched test-negative design study. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 10 Jul 2026 PMID 42429434
- Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding vaccinations among LGBTQIA+ community in Italy. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 25 Jun 2026 PMID 42348835
- From global to local: Developing a context-specific BeSD-HPV tool through cultural and linguistic adaptation in Pakistan. PloS one · 15 Jun 2026 PMID 42296125
- Self-reported vaccine uptake across six infectious diseases among gay, bisexual, transgender, and non-binary individuals in Australia: findings from a 2024 national survey. Sexual health · 31 May 2026 PMID 42219251
- Global Cancer Prevention: Current Approaches and Future Directions. American Society of Clinical Oncology educational book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting · 26 May 2026 PMID 42190157
- Catch-up and life-course vaccination policies for adult and adolescent migrants in low-and-middle income countries: A policy analysis. Vaccine · 22 May 2026 PMID 42172819
- Strategies to increase HPV vaccination among unvaccinated college students in the USA: a concept mapping study. BMJ open · 13 May 2026 PMID 42128504
- Detection, persistence, and rising prevalence of oncogenic viruses revealed by wastewater metagenomics. Applied and environmental microbiology · 13 May 2026 PMID 42126240
- Cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus vaccination in Jordan: A modelling study. Vaccine · 3 May 2026 PMID 42070373
- Biomarkers for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma and the role of HPV: Multi‑omics approaches and current evidence (Review). International journal of oncology · 24 Apr 2026 PMID 42028731
- State minor consent laws and human papilloma virus vaccine uptake: An analysis of the 2023 National Immunization Survey-Teen Data. Vaccine · 22 Apr 2026 PMID 42019130
- Systematic evaluation of TCGA tumor microbiota reveals context-dependent reliability. mSystems · 22 Apr 2026 PMID 42017663
Preclinical: animal, cell and lab studies (1)
- Design, synthesis, and anti-HPV activity evaluation of neocryptolepine derivatives with boronic acid modification. European journal of medicinal chemistry · 16 Apr 2026 PMID 41990616
Unclassified: not yet indexed with MeSH (1)
- Microfluidics-mediated spatial control of mRNA lipid nanoparticles primes translation and enhances vaccine potency. Nature biomedical engineering · 22 Sept 2026 PMID 42773168
Written from 26 PubMed abstracts, each one listed by PMID above. Published: 2026-07-02. Last written: 2026-09-12 by GPT. Reviewed by a human editor on 2026-07-24. Drafted by language models from published abstracts; not medical advice.