Glial fibrillary acidic protein

Where the papers sit

22 papers from the last 6 months study glial fibrillary acidic protein directly · updated from PubMed 3 Nov 2026

• Cross-Disease Brain Injury Biomarkers

  NfL and GFAP testing is expanding across neurological disorders as a minimally invasive measure of neuroaxonal and astroglial injury. NfL recurs as a marker of disease burden or prognosis in hepatic encephalopathy, epilepsy, autoimmune encephalitis, myasthenia gravis, HIV, and postoperative states. GFAP adds information in stroke, transient ischemic attack, traumatic brain injury, and inflammatory disease, but timing and disease specificity vary. Ultrasensitive assays and longitudinal sampling are being used to clarify clinical thresholds.

  10 papers · 45.5%

• Blood Biomarkers for Brain Injury

  GFAP and UCH-L1 blood testing is moving from validation into emergency-department use for mild traumatic brain injury. Studies assess whether results can support CT decisions and improve management, while real-world protocols test workflow and patient-care effects. Hemolysis can distort UCH-L1 measurements, making sample quality a recurring limitation. Cord-blood and sleep-apnea work extends these markers to other settings of neuronal injury.

  5 papers · 22.7%

• Alzheimer Disease Biomarkers

  Blood proteomics and multiplex sensing are moving Alzheimer disease biomarkers toward earlier risk stratification and cognitive forecasting. Longitudinal work links biomarker patterns across the Alzheimer spectrum, including Down syndrome, with later cognitive decline. NF-L and related markers complement disease-focused proteins, but their specificity across neurodegenerative and vascular conditions remains limited. The field is testing whether accessible serum, urine, or saliva panels can outperform single markers.

  4 papers · 18.2%

• Multiple Sclerosis Biomarkers

  Serum GFAP and neurofilament light chain are being positioned as complementary markers for multiple sclerosis activity, progression, and treatment monitoring. GFAP tracks astroglial injury and disability, while sNfL reflects neuroaxonal damage and may add information to retinal neuronal loss. Stable levels after switching natalizumab from intravenous to subcutaneous delivery support biomarker continuity during treatment changes. Prospective follow-up is still defining how these measures should guide routine clinical decisions.

  3 papers · 13.6%